"But those who deny Our verses are deaf and dumb in darknesses." This is a likeness of the disbeliever: he is deaf and dumb; he does not hear guidance, nor does he benefit from it. He is deaf to the truth.
His saying: "In darknesses, whomsoever Allah wills, He misguides."
7264 - Through the same chain, from Qatadah, meaning His saying: "In darknesses, whomsoever Allah wills, He misguides," he said: In darknesses from which he cannot find an exit; he is confounded therein.
His saying the Exalted: "And whomsoever He wills, He puts on a straight path."
[The First Aspect]
7265 - al-Hasan ibn 'Arafah narrated to us, Yahya ibn al-Yaman narrated to us, from Hamzah al-Zayyat, from Sa'd al-Ta'i, from the nephew of al-Harith al-A'war, from al-Harith, he said: I entered upon 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, and he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saying: The Straight Path is the Book of Allah.
The Second Aspect:
7266 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me that 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Jubayr narrated to him, from his father, from al-Nawwas ibn Sam'an al-Ansari, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, that he said: Allah has struck a parable of a straight path. He said: The path is Islam.
[The Third Aspect]
7267 - Sa'dan ibn Nasr narrated to us, Abu al-Nadr Hashim ibn al-Qasim narrated to us, Hamzah ibn al-Mughirah narrated to us, from 'Asim al-Ahwal, from Abu al-'Aliyah regarding "the straight path," he said: It is the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his two companions after him. 'Asim said: We mentioned that to al-Hasan, and he said: Abu al-'Aliyah has spoken the truth and given sincere advice.
The Fourth Aspect:
7268 - Yahya ibn 'Abdak al-Qazwini narrated to us, Khalid ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Makhzumi narrated to us, 'Umar ibn Dharr narrated to us, from Mujahid regarding His saying: "a straight path," he said: The truth.
His saying the Exalted: "Say: Have you considered if there should come to you the punishment of Allah?"
7269 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid regarding His saying: "Say: Have you considered if there should come to you the punishment of Allah," he said: Suddenly, while you are secure."
(1). al-Tafsir 1/215.
وَالَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا صُمٌّ وَبُكْمٌ فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ، هَذَا مَثَلُ الْكَافِرِ، أَصَمُّ أَبْكَمُ، لَا يَسْمَعُ هُدًى، وَلا يَنْتَفِعُ بِهِ، أَصَمُّ، عَنِ الْحَقِّ.
قوله: في الظلمات من يشإ الله يضلله.
٧٢٦٤ - وَبِهِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ: فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ مَنْ يَشَأِ اللَّهُ يُضْلِلْهُ، قَالَ:
فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ مِنْهَا خُرُوَجًا، متسكع فِيهَا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَنْ يَشَأْ يَجْعَلْهُ عَلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ.
[الوجه الأول]
٧٢٦٥ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَرَفَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْيَمَانِ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ الزَّيَّاتِ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ الطَّائِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَخِي الْحَارِثِ الأَعْوَرِ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:
الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ: كِتَابُ اللَّهِ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٧٢٢٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ حَدَّثَهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّوَّاسِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ الأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَال: ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلا صِرَاطًا مُسْتَقِيمًا، قَالَ: فَالصِّرَاطُ: الإِسْلامُ.
[الْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ]
٧٢٦٧ - حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو النَّضْرِ هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، ثنا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الأَحْوَلِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ قَالَ: هُوَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصَاحِبَاهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ. قَالَ عَاصِمٌ: فَذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لِلْحَسَنِ. فَقَالَ صَدَقَ أَبُو الْعَالِيَةِ وَنَصَحَ.
الْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
٧٢٦٨ - حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدَكَ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ، ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ ذَرٍّ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ، قَالَ: الْحَقُّ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُكُمْ إِنْ أَتَاكُمْ عَذَابُ اللَّهِ.
٧٢٦٩ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١»
قوله: قل أرأيتكم إن أتاكم عذاب الله قال: فجاءة آمنين.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٢١٥. [.....]
