al-Ansari, then al-Sulami, had a cousin who was blind and unattractive, and she had inherited wealth from her father. Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah was reluctant to marry her and would not let anyone else marry her for fear that her husband would take her wealth. He asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about that. There were also other people who had girls under their guardianship in similar situations. So, Jabir began to ask: "Does the girl inherit if she is ugly and blind?" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) kept saying: "Yes." Then Allah revealed this concerning them.
His saying, the Almighty: "And the oppressed among children."
[6028] My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding: "And the oppressed among children," he said: In the Jahiliyyah, they would not grant inheritance to the young or to females, and that is [the meaning of] His saying, the Almighty: "to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them." So Allah forbade that and clarified for every person entitled to a share, his share. Allah, the Almighty, said: "For the male, what is equal to the share of two females," whether small or large.
[6029] Sulayman ibn Dawud ibn Nusayr narrated to us, Sahl ibn 'Uthman narrated to us, Yahya ibn Abi Za'idah narrated to us, Isra'il narrated to me from al-Suddi, from Abu Malik regarding "And the oppressed among children," he said: They would not grant inheritance except to the grown men.
His saying, the Almighty: "And that you [should] maintain the orphans in justice."
[6030] Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Minjab ibn al-Harith narrated to us, Bishr ibn 'Umarah informed us, from Abu Rawq, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "in justice," he said: With fairness.
[6031] Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "And that you [should] maintain the orphans in justice," he said: They were commanded regarding the orphan [to act] with justice: with fairness.
[6032] My father narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn Musa narrated to us, Hisham (meaning Ibn Yusuf) informed us, from Ibn Jurayj, 'Abd Allah ibn Kathir al-Dari informed me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding: "And that you [should] maintain the orphans in justice," [he said]: Just as when she is endowed with beauty and wealth, you would marry her and keep her to yourself; likewise, when she is not endowed with beauty or wealth, [still] marry her and keep her to yourself.
[6033] Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim al-Awdi narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi regarding His saying: "And that you [should] maintain the orphans in justice," [he said]: So Allah commanded them that they should maintain
الأَنْصَارِيُّ ثُمَّ السُّلَمِيُّ لَهُ بِنْتُ عَمٍّ عَمْيَاءُ وكانت ذميمة وَكَانَتْ قَدْ وَرِثَتْ عَنْ أَبِيهَا مَالا، وَكَانَ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَرْغَبُ عَنْ نِكَاحِهَا وَلا يُنْكِحُهَا رَهْبَةً أَنْ يَذْهَبَ الزَّوْجُ بِمَالِهَا، فَسَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ نَاسٌ فِي حُجُورِهِمْ جَوَارِي أَيْضًا مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ، فَجَعَلَ جَابِرٌ يَسْأَلُ: أَتَرِثُ الْجَارِيَةُ إِذَا كَانَتْ قَبِيحَةً عَمْيَاءَ، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: نَعَمْ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ هَذَا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْوِلْدَانِ.
٦٠٢٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْوِلْدَانِ فَكَانُوا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ لَا يُوَرِّثُونَ الصِّغَارَ وَلَا الْبَنَاتِ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ فَنَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، وَبَيَّنَ لِكُلِّ ذِي سَهْمٍ سَهْمَهُ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الأُنْثَيَيْنِ صَغِيرًا أَوْ كَبِيرًا.
٦٠٢٩ - حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ، ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي إِسْرَائِيلُ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْوِلْدَانِ قَالَ:
كَانُوا لَا يُوَرِّثُونَ إِلا الأَكَابِرَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَأَنْ تَقُومُوا لِلْيَتَامَى بِالْقِسْطِ.
٦٠٣٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا مِنْجَابُ بْنُ الحرث، أَنْبَأَ بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي رَوْقٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: بِالْقِسْطِ قَالَ: بِالْعَدْلِ.
٦٠٣١ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، قَوْلَهُ: وَأَنْ تَقُومُوا لِلْيَتَامَى بِالْقِسْطِ قَالَ: أُمِرُوا لِلْيَتِيمِ بِالْقِسْطِ: بِالْعَدْلِ.
٦٠٣٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَنْبَأَ هِشَامٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ يُوسُفَ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ الدَّارِيُّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَأَنْ تَقُومُوا لِلْيَتَامَى بِالْقِسْطِ كَمَا إِذَا كَانَتْ ذَاتَ جَمَالٍ وَمَالٍ نَكَحْتَهَا وَاسْتَأْثَرْتَ بِهَا، كَذَلِكَ إِذَا لَمْ تَكُنْ ذَاتَ جَمَالٍ وَلا مَالٍ فَانْكِحْهَا وَاسْتَأْثِرْ بِهَا.
٦٠٣٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قوله: وَأَنْ تَقُومُوا لِلْيَتَامَى بِالْقِسْطِ فَأَمَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقُومُوا
