the orphans in justice. Justice is to give everyone who has a right his due among them, whether male or female; the young is equal to the old.
His saying, the Almighty: "And whatever you do of good."
[6034] al-Hasan ibn Ahmad narrated to us, Musa ibn Muhkam narrated to us, Abu Bakr al-Hanafi narrated to us, Ibn Mansur narrated to us, saying: I asked al-Hasan about His saying: "And whatever you do of good," he said: Whatever the son of Adam does of good.
His saying, the Almighty: "Indeed, Allah is ever, of it, Knowing."
[6035] Musa ibn Harun al-Tusi informed me in what he wrote to me, al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Marwudhi narrated to us, and Shayban ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, from Qatadah, meaning His saying: "Indeed, Allah is ever, of it, Knowing," he said: It is preserved with Allah, He is knowing of it and grateful for it; and there is nothing more grateful than Allah and nothing that rewards more with goodness than Allah.
His saying, the Almighty: "And if a woman fears from her husband contempt."
[6036] Yunus ibn Habib narrated to us, Abu Dawud narrated to us, Sulayman ibn Mu'adh narrated to us, from Simak ibn Harb, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas who said: Sawdah feared that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would divorce her, so she said: "O Messenger of Allah, do not divorce me; keep me and assign my day to 'A'ishah." He did so, and this verse was revealed: "And if a woman fears from her husband contempt or evasion," to the end of the verse.
[6037] Harun ibn Ishaq narrated to us, 'Abdah narrated to us, from Hisham ibn 'Urwah, from his father, from 'A'ishah regarding His saying: "And if a woman fears from her husband contempt or evasion, there is no blame upon them," he said: It was revealed concerning a woman who is with a man, and her companionship becomes agreeable to him, but perhaps she does not have children—or he says: he does not have children [with her]—and he intends to divorce her, so she says: "Do not divorce me; keep me, and you are relieved of [the obligation of] turn." So this verse was revealed regarding that.
[6038] My father narrated to us, Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us, Jarir ibn Hazim narrated to us, saying: I heard Qays regarding the saying of Allah: "And if a woman fears from her husband contempt or evasion," he said: It was revealed concerning Abu al-Sanabil ibn Ba'kak, brother of the Banu 'Abd al-Dar.
(1). al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Tafsir, no. 3040.
لِلْيَتَامَى بِالْقِسْطِ، وَالْقِسْطُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ مِنْهُمْ ذَكَرًا كَانَ أَوْ أُنْثَى، الصَّغِيرُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْكَبِيرِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ.
٦٠٣٤ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ مُحْكَمٍ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ ثنا بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْحَسَنَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ قَالَ: مَا فَعَلَ ابْنُ آدَمَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِهِ عَلِيمًا.
٦٠٣٥ - أَخْبَرَنِي مُوسَى بْنُ هَارُونَ الطُّوسِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرُّوذِيُّ وَثنا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ: فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِهِ عَلِيمًا قَالَ: مَحْفُوظٌ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ، عَالِمٌ بِهِ شَاكِرٌ لَهُ، وَأَنَّهُ لَا شَيْءَ أَشْكَرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَلا أَجْزَى بِخَيْرٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا.
٦٠٣٦ - حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، عن سماك ابن حَرْبٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: خَشِيَتْ سَوْدَةُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لَا تُطَلِّقْنِي وَأَمْسِكْنِي وَاجْعَلْ يَوْمِي لِعَائِشَةَ فَفَعَلَ، وَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ: وَإِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوْ إِعْرَاضًا الآيَةَ «١» .
٦٠٣٧ - حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا عَبْدَةُ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوْ إِعْرَاضًا فَلا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا قَالَ: أُنْزِلَتْ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ فَتَطُوع صُحْبَتُهَا، وَلَعَلَّهَا لَا تَكُونُ لَهَا وَلَدٌ أَوْ لَا يَكُونُ لَهَا وَلَدٌ، يُرِيدُ طَلاقَهَا فَتَقُولُ: لَا تُطَلِّقْنِي وَأَمْسِكْنِي وَأَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ، فَأُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ فِي ذَلِكَ.
٦٠٣٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ قَيْسًا فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَإِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوْ إِعْرَاضًا قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي السَّنَابِلِ بْنِ بَعْكَكٍ أَخِي بَنِي عبد الدار.
(١) . الترمذي كتاب التفسير رقم ٣٠٤٠.