[His saying, the Almighty: "Avid consumers of unlawful gain (suht)."

[The First Aspect]

[6378] Yunus ibn 'Abd al-A'la informed us, reading [it to him], Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah narrated to us, from Harun ibn Ziyab, from Kinanah ibn Nu'aym, from Qabisah ibn Mukhariq, that he took upon himself a burden (hamalah) and came to the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), who said: "We shall pay it for you and take it from the Zakat livestock or the Zakat camels." Then he said: "O Qabisah, asking for financial help is not permitted except in three cases: A man who has taken upon himself a burden, so asking is permitted for him until he fulfills it, then he must stop; a man who has been struck by a calamity that has wiped out his wealth, so asking is permitted for him until he reaches a subsistence level or a means of living, then he must stop; and any asking beyond that is unlawful gain (suht)."

[The Second Aspect]

[6379] 'Abd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Dashtaki narrated to us, my father narrated to us, from his father, from Ibrahim al-Sa'igh, from Yazid al-Nahwi, who said: 'Ikrimah said: Ibn 'Abbas said that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "The bribery of judges is forbidden; it is the unlawful gain (suht) that Allah has mentioned in His Book."

[6380] My father narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Bashshar narrated to us, Yahya ibn Sa'id narrated to us, Mu'adh narrated to us, who said: I asked Tawus about the gifts of the Sultan, and he said: "It is unlawful gain (suht)." Abu Mu'adh said: It is not named [in the isnad]. Shu'bah narrated it from him, and it is old.

[6381] Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Abu Nu'aym narrated to us, from Sufyan, from 'Asim, from Dharr, from 'Abd Allah, who said: "The unlawful gain (suht) is the bribe in religion."

[The Third Aspect]

[6382] 'Abd Allah ibn Ja'far al-Raqqi narrated to us, 'Ubayd Allah ibn 'Amr narrated to us, from Zayd ibn Abi Unaysah, from Bukayr ibn Marzuq, from 'Ubayd ibn Abi al-Ja'd, from Masruq, from 'Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud, who said: "Whoever intercedes for a man to avert an injustice from him or to restore a right to him, and he presents him with a gift and he accepts it, then that is unlawful gain (suht)." We said: O Abu 'Abd al-Rahman, we used to consider the unlawful gain (suht) to be the bribe in a court verdict. 'Abd Allah then said: "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then it is those who are the disbelievers."

[6383] al-Hasan ibn 'Arafah narrated to us, Khalaf ibn Khalifah narrated to us, from Mansur ibn Zadan, from al-Hakam, from Abu Wa'il, from Masruq, who said: "The judge, if he consumes a gift, he has consumed unlawful gain (suht), and if he accepts a bribe, it leads him to disbelief."

[The Fourth Aspect]

[6384] Ahmad ibn Mansur al-Marwazi narrated to us, al-Nadr ibn Shuhayl narrated to us, Hammad ibn Salamah narrated to us, from Qays ibn Sa'd, from 'Ata', from Abu Hurayrah: That the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "The dowry of a prostitute, the price of a dog and a cat, and the earnings of a cupper are from the unlawful gain (suht)."

[The Fifth Aspect]

[6385] My father narrated to us, al-Hakam ibn Musa narrated to us, al-Haytham ibn Humayd narrated to us, Abu Hunayn ibn 'Ata' narrated to us, who said: I heard 'Ata' ibn Abi Rabah saying: "Unlawful gain (suht) has six traits: Bribery in a court verdict, the price of a dog, the price of a carcass, the price of wine, the earnings of a prostitute, and the stud fee for an animal."

[The Sixth Aspect]

[6386] My father narrated to us, al-Hajjaj ibn al-Minhal narrated to us, Hammad narrated to us, from Sa'id al-Jurayri, from 'Abd Allah ibn Shaqiq, who said: "These loaves of bread that the teachers take are from the unlawful gain (suht)." Meaning: If he performs his teaching for the sake of Allah, it is permissible to take a wage for something similar. I heard my father say: If he does not perform the teaching for the sake of Allah, he may take the wage, but if he performs the teaching for the sake of Allah, that is unlawful gain (suht).

[The Seventh Aspect]

[6387] Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "Avid consumers of unlawful gain (suht)," [it means] the bribe in a court verdict; they are the Jews. It was narrated from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, al-Hasan, Ibrahim, and 'Ikrimah that they said: "The bribe in a court verdict."

His saying, the Almighty: "So if they come to you, judge between them or turn away from them."

[The First Aspect]

[6388] Muhammad ibn 'Ammar ibn al-Harith narrated to us, Sa'id ibn Sulayman narrated to us, 'Abbad ibn al-'Awwam narrated to us, from Sufyan ibn Husayn, from al-Hakam, from Mujahid, from Ibn 'Abbas, who said: "Two verses were abrogated from this Surah—meaning al-Ma'idah—the verse of the garlands (al-qala'id), and His saying: 'So judge between them or turn away from them.'"