7997 - The Hasan ibn Abi al-Rabi' told us, 'Abd al-Razzaq informed us, Ma'mar informed us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "Inform me with knowledge, if you should be truthful," and he mentioned similar things regarding camels and cattle.
His saying: "And of the camels, two, and of the cattle, two."
Its explanation has preceded.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Or were you witnesses when Allah enjoined this upon you?"
7998 - Abu Yazid al-Qaratisi informed me in what he wrote to me, Asbagh ibn al-Faraj told us, he said: I heard 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn Aslam saying regarding His saying: "Say, 'Is it the two males He has forbidden or the two females?'" He said: This is due to their saying: "What is in the wombs of these cattle is exclusively for our males and forbidden to our wives," and their saying: "These are cattle and crops, reserved; none may eat them except whom we will," according to their claim. And they said: "These are cattle whose backs have been forbidden; no one shall ride them," and cattle upon which they do not mention the name of Allah. So Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, said: "Is it the two males He has forbidden or the two females?" Meaning: Which of these two is forbidden to these people? How can it be lawful for some and forbidden for others? "Or were you witnesses when Allah enjoined this upon you?" which you claim. Then who is more unjust than one who invents a lie against Allah to mislead the people without knowledge? Indeed, Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Then who is more unjust than one who invents a lie against Allah?"
7999 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim al-Awdi informed me in what he wrote to me, Ahmad ibn al-Mufaddal told us, Asbat told us, from al-Suddi, he said: He only mentioned this because of what they forbade of the cattle, and they used to say: "Allah commanded us to do this." So Allah said: "Then who is more unjust than one who invents a lie against Allah to mislead the people without knowledge?"
His saying, Exalted is He: "Say, 'I do not find within that which was revealed to me a forbidden...'
[The First Aspect]
8000 - Musa ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Masruqi told us, Abu Nu'aym al-Fadl ibn Dukayn told us, Muhammad ibn Sharik told us, from 'Amr ibn Dinar, from Abu al-Sha'tha', from Ibn 'Abbas, he said: The people of the Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic era) used to eat things and leave others out of revulsion. Then Allah sent His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and revealed His Book, and He made lawful His lawful things and made forbidden His forbidden things. So what He made lawful is lawful, and what He made forbidden is forbidden.
(1) al-Tafsir 1/212.
٧٩٩٧ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ أنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ «١» أنا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: نَبِّئُونِي بِعِلْمٍ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ، وَذَكَرَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَمِنَ الْإِبِلِ اثنين ومن البقر اثنين
تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَمْ كُنْتُمْ شُهَدَاءَ إِذْ وَصَّاكُمُ اللَّهُ بِهَذَا
٧٩٩٨ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْقَرَاطِيسِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ ثنا أَصْبَغُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ زَيْدِ بْنِ الأَسْلَمَ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: قُلْ آلذَّكَرَيْنِ حَرَّمَ أَمِ الأُنْثَيَيْنِ، قَالَ: هَذَا لِقَوْلِهِمْ: مَا فِي بُطُونِ هَذِهِ الأَنْعَامِ خَالِصَةٌ لِذُكُورِنَا وَمُحَرَّمٌ عَلَى أَزْوَاجِنَا وَقَوْلِهِمْ: هَذِهِ أَنْعَامٌ وَحَرْثٌ حِجْرٌ فَحَجْرُهَا عَلَى مَنْ نُرِيدُ وَعَمَّنْ نُرِيدُ. وَقَالُوا:
أَنْعَامٌ حُرِّمَتْ ظُهُورُهَا لَا يَرْكَبُهَا أَحَدٌ، وَأَنْعَامٌ لَا يَذْكُرُونَ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: آلذَّكَرَيْنِ حَرَّمَ أَمِ الأُنْثَيَيْنِ: أَيُّ هَذَيْنِ حَرَامٌ عَلَى هَؤُلاءِ؟ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِهَؤُلاءِ حِلٌّ وَعَلَى هَؤُلاءِ حَرَامٌ، أَمْ كُنْتُمْ شُهَدَاءَ إِذْ وَصَّاكُمُ اللَّهُ بِهَذَا الَّذِي تَقُولُونَ، فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا لِيُضِلَّ النَّاسَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا
٧٩٩٩ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَالَ: وَإِنَّمَا ذَكَرَ هَذَا مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا حَرَّمُوا مِنَ الأَنْعَامِ، وَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ: اللَّهُ أَمَرَنَا بِهَذَا. فَقَالَ اللَّهُ: فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا ليضل الناس بغير علم.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: قُلْ لَا أَجِدُ فِي مَا أوحي إلي محرما
[الوجه الأول]
٨٠٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَسْرُوقِيُّ ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَأْكُلُونَ أَشْيَاءَ وَيَتْرُكُونَ أَشْيَاءَ تَقَذُّرًا، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَأَنْزَلَ كِتَابَهُ، وَأَحَلَّ حَلالَهُ وَحَرَّمَ حَرَامَهُ، فَمَا أَحَلَّ فَهُوَ حَلالٌ، وَمَا حَرَّمَ فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ،
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٢١٢.
