Surah al-Anfal
[His statement, the Exalted: "They ask you"]
9486 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Abu Bakr al-Nakha'i told us, from Juwaybir, from al-Dahhak, regarding "They ask you about the spoils of war (al-Anfal)," he said: They say: "Give us."
8753 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih, the scribe of al-Layth, told us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas, regarding his statement: "They ask you," he means: The kinship of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
His statement, the Exalted: "The spoils of war (al-Anfal)"
8754 - And by it (the same chain) from Ibn 'Abbas, regarding his statement: "They ask you about the spoils of war (al-Anfal)," he said: Al-Anfal are the spoils of war; they were exclusively for the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and no one else had any share of them.
It was narrated from Mujahid, al-Dahhak, 'Ata' al-Khurasani, and Muqatil ibn Hayyan that they said: They are the spoils of war.
His statement, the Exalted: "Say: The spoils of war are for Allah and the Messenger."
[The first interpretation]
8755 - Yunus ibn Habib al-Asbahani narrated to us, Abu Dawud told us, Shu'bah informed us, Simak ibn Harb informed me, he said: I heard Mus'ab ibn Sa'd narrating from Sa'd, he said: Four verses were revealed concerning me. I had obtained a sword on the day of Badr—and perhaps he said: "My son obtained a sword on the day of Badr." He said: So I went to the Prophet, peace be upon him, and said: "Grant it to me as a voluntary gift (naffilnihi)." He said: "Put it back where you took it from," twice. Then I asked him again, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: "Put it back where you took it from," and then this verse was revealed: "They ask you about the spoils of war."
(1). Folio number 222 was missing from the original manuscript, which contained the end of Surah al-A'raf and the beginning of Surah al-Anfal; I completed it from 'Tafsir Surat al-Anfal', 1/1, edited by Dr. 'Iyadah Ayyub al-Kubaysi (academic thesis).
(2). Musnad al-Imam Ahmad 1/185.
سُورَةُ الْأَنْفَالِ
٨ تَفْسِيرُ السُّورَةِ الَّتِي يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا الْأَنْفَالُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ... وَمَا تَوْفِيقِي إلا بالله عليه توكلت
[قوله عز وجل يسئلونك]
٩٤٨٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ النخعي عن جويبر عن الضحاك يسئلونك عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ قَالَ: يَقُولُونَ: أَعْطِنَا.
٨٧٥٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو صَالِحٍ كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابن عباس قوله: يسئلونك يَعْنِي: قَرَابَةَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: الأَنْفَالِ
٨٧٥٤ - وَبِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قوله: يسئلونك عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ قَالَ: الأَنْفَالُ:
الْمَغَانِمُ، كَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- خَالِصَةً لَيْسَ لأَحَدٍ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ.
وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَالضَّحَّاكِ، وَعَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا:
الْمَغَانِمُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: قُلِ الأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ
[الوجه الأول]
٨٧٥٥ - حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعْبَةُ أَخْبَرَنِي سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُصْعَبَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِيَّ أَرْبَعُ آيَاتٍ: أَصَبْتُ سَيْفًا يَوْمَ بدرٍ، وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ: أَصَابَ ابْنِي سَيْفًا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، قَالَ:
فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فَقُلْتُ «١» نَفِّلْنِيهِ، فَقَالَ: ضَعْهُ مِنْ حَيْثِ أَخَذْتَهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ عَاوَدْتُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ضَعْهُ من حيث أخذته، فنزلت هذه الآية يسئلونك عن الأنفال «٢»
(١) . سقطت اللوحة رقم ٢٢٢ من الأصل وبها نهاية سورة الأعراف وبداية سورة الأنفال وأكملتها من تفسير سورة الأنفال ١/ ١ تحقيق الدكتور- عيادة أيوب الكبيسي (رسالة علمية) .(٢) . مسند الإمام أحمد ١/ ١٨٥.
