so I may strike his neck. For these are the leaders of disbelief, its chieftains, and its commanders. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) inclined toward what Abu Bakr had said and did not incline toward what I had said. When the next day came, I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and Abu Bakr sitting and weeping. I said: O Messenger of Allah, tell me, why are you and your companion weeping? If I find a reason to weep, I will weep, and if I do not find a reason, I will feign weeping out of sympathy for your weeping. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
I am weeping for that which your companions presented to me regarding taking the ransom. Indeed, your punishment was presented to me closer than this tree—a tree near the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)—and Allah the Almighty revealed: "It is not for a prophet to have captives until he has thoroughly slaughtered [the enemies] in the land..." [up to the end of] the verse.
9151 - My father narrated to us, ‘Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us, Jarir narrated to us from al-A’mash, from ‘Amr ibn Murrah, from Abu ‘Ubaydah, from ‘Abd Allah, who said: When it was the day of Badr and the captives were brought, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "What do you say regarding these captives?" Abu Bakr said: O Messenger of Allah, they are your people and your kin; keep them and be patient with them, perhaps Allah will accept their repentance. Then ‘Umar said:
O Messenger of Allah, they cast you out and denied you, so strike their necks. Then ‘Abd Allah ibn Rawahah said: O Messenger of Allah, I see a valley with much firewood, so put them into it and ignite a fire upon them. Al-‘Abbas, who was among the captives, said: You hear what they are saying—you have severed your kinship! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) remained silent and did not answer them anything. Then some people said: He will accept the view of Abu Bakr; some said: He will accept the view of ‘Umar; and some said: He will accept the view of Ibn Rawahah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) then came out to them and said:
Verily, Allah softens the hearts of some men regarding this, until they are softer than softness, and verily, Allah makes the hearts of some men firm regarding this, until they are harder than stone. And your likeness, O Abu Bakr, is as that of Abraham, who said: "Then whoever follows me, he is of me, and whoever disobeys me, indeed You are Forgiving, Merciful" (1). And your likeness, O Abu Bakr, is as that of Jesus, who said: "If You punish them, indeed they are Your servants; and if You forgive them, indeed it is You who are the Exalted in Might, the Wise" (2). And your likeness, O ‘Umar, is as that of Noah, who said: "My Lord, do not leave upon the earth any of the disbelievers as an inhabitant."
(1). Surah Ibrahim, verse: 36. (2). Surah al-Ma'idah, verse: 118.
فَأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ فَإِنَّ هَؤُلاءِ أَئِمَّةُ الْكُفْرِ وَصَنَادِيدُهَا وَقَادَتُهَا فَهَوَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَمْ يَهْوَ مَا قُلْتُ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ جِئْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ قَاعِدَيْنِ يَبْكِيَانِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ تَبْكِي أَنْتَ وَصَاحِبُكَ؟ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بُكَاءً بَكَيْتُ وَإِنْ لَمْ أَجِدْ بُكَاءً تَبَاكَيْتُ لِبُكَائِكُمَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
أَبْكِي لِلَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلِيَّ أَصْحَابُكَ مِنْ أَخْذِهِمُ الْفِدَاءَ لَقَدْ عُرِضَ عَلِيَّ عَذَابُكُمْ أَدْنَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ، شَجَرَةٍ قُرَيْبَةٍ مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ في الأرض الْآيَةَ.
٩١٥١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا جَرِيرٌ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قال: لما كان يوم بدر وجئ بِالأُسَارَى، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي هَؤُلاءِ الأُسَارَى؟ فَقَالَ أبو بكر: يا رسول الله قومك وصلك اسْتَبْقِهِمْ وَاسْتَأَنِّهِمْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ:
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْرَجُوكَ وَكَذَّبُوكَ فَاضْرِبْ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أنضر وَادِيًا كَثِيرَ الْحَطَبِ فَأَدْخِلْهُمْ، فِيهِ ثُمَّ أَضْرِمْهُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَارًا فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَهُوَ فِي الأَسْرَى تسمع ما يقولون قطعتك رَحِمَكَ، فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ نَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَقَالَ نَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ عُمَرَ وَقَالَ نَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ، فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ:
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَّنَ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَلْيَنَ مِنَ اللِّينِ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُشَدِّدَ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَشَدَّ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَمَثَلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: فَمَنْ تَبِعَنِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَإِنَّكَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ «١» وَمَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَمَثَلِ عِيسَى قَالَ إِنَّ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ «٢» وَمَثَلَكَ يَا عُمَرُ كَمَثَلِ نُوحٍ قَالَ: رَبِّ لَا تَذَرْ عَلَى الأَرْضِ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ دَيَّارًا
(١) . سورة إبراهيم، آية: ٣٦.(٢) . سورة المائدة، آية: ١١٨.
