Allah gave the Prophet and the believers the choice regarding the matter of the captives; if they wished, they could kill them, and if they wished, they could enslave them, and if they wished, they could ransom them.
His saying, the Almighty: "You desire the transitory goods of this world"
[The First Aspect]
9156 - Abu ‘Abd Allah al-Tehrani narrated to us, Hafs ibn ‘Umar al-‘Adani informed us, al-Hakam ibn Aban narrated to us, from ‘Ikrimah, concerning his saying: "You desire the transitory goods of this world," meaning: the tribute (kharaj).
The Second Aspect:
9157 - ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Shayban narrated to us, ‘Uqbah al-Rifa‘i narrated to us, Hayyan al-A‘raj narrated to us, from Jabir ibn Zayd, he used to say: No one performs a deed by which he seeks the Countenance of Allah, but then takes for it anything from the transitory goods of this world, except that it was his share of it, meaning his saying: "You desire the transitory goods of this world."
9158 - Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas, the freed slave of Banu Hashim, narrated to us, Muhammad ibn ‘Amr narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq: "You desire the transitory goods of this world," meaning the goods, the ransom which a man takes.
His saying, the Almighty: "And Allah desires the Hereafter"
9159 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Dawraqi narrated to us, Abu al-Nadr Hashim ibn al-Qasim narrated to us, Abu Sa‘id al-Mu’addib Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Abi al-Waddah narrated to us, al-Qasim ibn Fa’id narrated to us, from al-Hasan, concerning his saying: "You desire the transitory goods of this world and Allah desires the Hereafter," he said: If we had no sins for which we feared for ourselves except our love for this world, we would fear for our souls. Desire what Allah has desired.
9160 - Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas narrated to us, Muhammad ibn ‘Amr narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq: "And Allah desires the Hereafter," meaning by their killing, for the sake of the emergence of that which they [the disbelievers] want to extinguish, by which the Hereafter is attained.
His saying, the Almighty: "If not for a decree from Allah that preceded"
[The First Aspect]
9895 - Yunus ibn Habib narrated to us, Abu Dawud narrated to us, Salam—meaning Abu al-Ahwas—narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: When the day of Badr arrived, the people rushed to the spoils of war and took them. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "The spoils of war are not lawful for anyone..."
اللَّهُ النَّبِيَّ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي أَمْرِ الأُسَارَى بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوهُمْ وَإِنْ شَاءُوا استَعْبَدُوهُمْ وَإِنْ شَاءُوا فَادُوهُمْ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا
[الوجه الأول]
٩١٥٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطِّهْرَانِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْعَدَنِيُّ ثنا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ أَبَانَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا يَعْنِي: الْخَرَاجَ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٩١٥٧ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا شَيْبَانُ ثنا عُقْبَةُ الرِّفَاعِيُّ ثنا حَيَّانُ الأَعْرَجُ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ كَانَ يَقُولُ: لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يَعْمَلُ عَمَلاً يُرِيدُ بِهِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ يَأْخُذُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا مِنْ عَرَضِ الدُّنْيَا إِلا كَانَ حَظَّهُ مِنْهُ، يَعْنِي قَوْلُهُ: تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا
٩١٥٨ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ مَوْلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ثنا سَلَمَةُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا أي المتاع، الفدا يَأْخُذُهُ الرَّجُلُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَاللَّهُ يُرِيدُ الآخِرَةَ
٩١٥٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النَّضْرِ هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْمُؤَدِّبُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ أبي الوضاح حدثنا القاسم بن فائد عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا وَاللَّهُ يُرِيدُ الآخِرَةَ قَالَ: لَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَنَا ذُنُوبٌ نَخَافُ عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا مِنْهَا إِلا حُبَّنَا الدُّنْيَا لَخَشِينَا عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا، أَرِيدُوا مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهِ.
٩١٦٠ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ثنا سَلَمَةُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَاللَّهُ يُرِيدُ الآخِرَةَ أَيْ بِقَتْلِهِمْ لِظُهُورِ الَّذِي يُرِيدُونَ إِطْفَاءَهُ، الَّذِي بِهِ تُدْرَكُ الآخِرَةُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: لَوْلا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سبق
[الوجه الأول]
٩٨٩٥ - حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا سَلامٌ يَعْنِي أَبَا الأَحْوَصِ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ تَعَجَّلَ النَّاسُ إِلَى الْغَنَائِمِ فَأَصَابُوهَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِنَّ الْغَنِيمَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لأَحَدٍ سود
