His saying the Exalted: "And those who disbelieve are allies of one another."
9197 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to us, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "And those who disbelieve are allies of one another"—meaning: in inheritance.
9198 - My father narrated to us, Qabisah ibn 'Uqbah narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Suddi, from Abu Malik. A man from the Muslims said: "We shall surely give inheritance to our kinsmen among the polytheists." Then [this verse] was revealed: "And those who disbelieve are allies of one another. If you do not do so, there will be tribulation on the earth and great corruption." Among the Muslims and the polytheists, one might say: "If these prevail, I will be with them, and if these prevail, I will be with them." So Allah refused that for them and revealed regarding that: "Do not let two fires be seen: the fire of a Muslim and the fire of a polytheist, except for the possessor of the Jizyah who acknowledges the Kharaj (tax)."
His saying the Exalted: "If you do not do so"
9199 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to us, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "If you do not do so"—meaning: if you do not observe—meaning: in inheritance—what I have commanded you, "there will be tribulation and great corruption."
9200 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Abi Ja'far narrated to us, from his father, from al-Rabi' regarding His saying: "If you do not do so"—meaning: if you do not grant the disbeliever authority over the disbeliever [in inheritance].
His saying the Exalted: "there will be tribulation on the earth"
9201 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Abi Hammad narrated to us, Mihran narrated to us, from Sufyan regarding His saying: "If you do not do so, there will be tribulation on the earth," he said: Disbelief and great corruption. Sufyan said: I do not know which of the two he said: Is the tribulation disbelief, or is the corruption [disbelief]?
His saying the Exalted: "and great corruption"
9202 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Dashtaki narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Abi Ja'far narrated to us, from his father, from al-Rabi' regarding His saying: "there will be tribulation on the earth and great corruption"—meaning: it is not fitting for a Muslim to inherit from a disbeliever.
(1). Al-Durr 3/163.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ
٩١٩٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ ثنا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ: وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ يَعْنِي: فِي الْمِيرَاثِ.
٩١٩٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا قَبِيصَةُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ: لَنُورَثَنَّ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى مِنَّا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَنَزَلَتْ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ إِلا تَفْعَلُوهُ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ فِي الأَرْضِ وَفَسَادٌ كَبِيرٌ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ فَيَقُولُ: إِنْ ظَهَرَ هَؤُلاءِ كُنْتُ مَعَهُمْ وَإِنْ ظَهَرَ هَؤُلاءِ كُنْتُ مَعَهُمْ فَأَبَى اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَلا تَرَاءَى نَارَانِ: نَارُ مُسْلِمٍ وَنَارُ مُشْرِكٍ إِلا صَاحِبُ جِزْيَةٍ مُقِرٌّ بِالْخَرَاجِ.
قَوْلُهُ تعالى: إلا تفعلوه
٩١٩٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ: إِلا تَفْعَلُوهُ يَعْنِي: إِلا تَأْخُذُوا يَعْنِي: فِي الْمِيرَاثِ بِمَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ وَفَسَادٌ كَبِيرٌ «١» .
٩٢٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِلا تَفْعَلُوهُ يَعْنِي: إِلا تُوَلِّي الْكَافِرَ الْكَافِرَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ فِي الأَرْضِ
٩٢٠١ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ ثنا مِهْرَانُ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ قَوْلُهُ: إِلا تَفْعَلُوهُ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ فِي الأَرْضِ قَالَ: كُفْرٌ وَفَسَادٌ كَبِيرٌ، قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: لَا أَدْرِي أَيَّتَهُمَا قَالَ، الْكُفْرُ: الْفِتْنَةُ أَوِ الْفَسَادُ؟
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَفَسَادٌ كَبِيرٌ
٩٢٠٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّشْتَكِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ فِي الأَرْضِ وَفَسَادٌ كَبِيرٌ يَعْنِي: لَا يَصْلُحُ لِمُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَرِثَ الْكَافِرَ.
(١) . الدر ٣/ ١٦٣.
