our view, and by Allah, O my son, had he died on that day, no one but I would have inherited from him, until Allah revealed this verse specifically concerning us, the people of Quraysh and the Ansar, and we returned to our [previous] inheritance [practices].
9207 - Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah narrated to us, Hajjaj ibn Muhammad narrated to us, Ibn Jurayj and 'Uthman ibn 'Ata' informed us, from 'Ata' al-Khurasani, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding: "...and those who gave shelter and aided - they are allies of one another. And those who believed but did not emigrate - for you there is no guardianship of them at all until they emigrate." So the Emigrant would not be an ally of the Bedouin, nor would he inherit, even if he were a believer, nor would the Bedouin inherit the Emigrant. Then this verse abrogated it: "But those of blood [kin] are more entitled to inheritance one to the other, in the Book of Allah."
9208 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Bukayr narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to us, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding Allah's saying: "But those of blood [kin] are more entitled to inheritance one to the other, in the Book of Allah. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of all things." This verse abrogated what was before it regarding inheritance by contract, alliance, and inheritance by migration, and it became for those of blood kinship. He said: The parent is more entitled than the brother; the brother and the sister are more entitled than the brother's son; the brother's son is more entitled than the paternal uncle; the paternal uncle is more entitled than the cousin; and the cousin is more entitled than the maternal uncle. There is no share of inheritance for the maternal uncle, nor the paternal aunt, nor the maternal aunt, according to the view of Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him). 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) used to give two-thirds of the wealth to the paternal aunt and one-third to the maternal aunt when there was no other heir for him. 'Ali and Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them both) used to return the remainder of the inheritance to those of blood kinship according to the proportion of their shares, other than the spouse.
[The second aspect]
9209 - 'Ali ibn Harb al-Mawsili narrated to us, Humayd ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Ru'asi narrated to us, from al-Hasan ibn 'Ubayd Allah, from al-Qasim, from Ibn 'Abbas, and it was said to him that Ibn Mas'ud does not grant inheritance to the allies (mawali) over those of blood kinship, and says: "But those of blood [kin] are more entitled to inheritance one to the other, in the Book of Allah." Ibn 'Abbas said: "Far, far from it! Where has he gone? The Emigrants used to inherit from one another to the exclusion of the Bedouins, then 'But those of blood [kin] are more entitled to inheritance one to the other, in the Book of Allah' was revealed," meaning: that it [also] grants inheritance to the ally.
نرى، فو الله يَا بُنَيَّ لَوْ مَاتَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ الدُّنْيَا مَا وَرِثَهُ غَيْرِي، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ فِينَا مَعْشَرِ قُرَيْشٍ وَالأَنْصَارِ خَاصَّةً فَرَجَعْنَا إِلَى مَوَارِيثِنَا.
٩٢٠٧ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا وَجَاهَدُوا ... فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ آوَوْا وَنَصَرُوا أُولَئِكَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يُهَاجِرُوا مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ وَلايَتِهِمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى يُهَاجِرُوا فَكَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُ لَا يَتَوَلَّى الأَعْرَابِيَّ وَلا يَرِثُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلا يَرِثُ الأَعْرَابِيُّ الْمُهَاجِرَ فَنَسَخَتْهَا هذه الآية وأولوا الأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ
٩٢٠٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ثنا عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ في قول الله: وأولوا الأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٍ فَنَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهَا مِنْ مَوَارِيثِ الْعَقْدِ وَالْحِلْفِ وَالْمَوَارِيثِ بِالْهِجْرَةِ وَصَارَتْ لِذَوِي الأَرْحَامِ قَالَ: وَالْوَالِدُ أَوْلَى مِنَ الأَخِ وَالأَخُ وَالأُخْتُ أَوْلَى مِنَ ابْنِ الأَخِ وَابْنُ الأَخِ أَوْلَى مِنَ الْعَمِّ وَالْعَمُّ أَوْلَى مِنَ ابْنِ الْعَمِّ وَابْنُ الْعَمِّ أَوْلَى مِنَ الْخَالِ، وَلَيْسَ لِلْخَالِ وَلا الْعَمَّةِ وَلا الْخَالَةِ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ نَصِيبٌ فِي قَوْلِ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يُعْطِي ثُلُثَيِ الْمَالِ لِلْعَمَّةِ وَالثُّلُثَ للخالةِ، إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَارِثٌ وَكَانَ عَلِيُّ وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا يَعْنِي: يَرُدَّانِ مَا فَضَلَ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ عَلَى ذَوِي الأَرْحَامِ عَلَى قَدْرِ سَهْمَانِهِمْ غَيْرِ الزَّوْجِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٩٢٠٩ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَرْبٍ الْمَوْصِلِيُّ ثنا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرُّؤَاسِيُّ عَنْ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَقِيلَ لَهُ أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْمَوَالِي دُونَ ذَوِي الأَرْحَامِ، وَيَقُولُ: إِنَّ ذَوِي الأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: هَيْهَاتَ هَيْهَاتَ أَيْنَ ذَهَبَ؟ إِنَّمَا كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ الأَعْرَابِ فَنَزَلَتْ وأولوا الأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي: أَنَّهُ يُوَرِّثُ الْمَوْلَى.
