10504 - My father narrated to us, [who said] 'Amr ibn 'Ali narrated to us, [who said] Abu Mu'awiyah al-Darir narrated to us, [who said] 'Isa ibn al-Mughirah al-Harami narrated to us, from al-Sha'bi who said: Whoever reads 'And those who find nothing to give but their effort' (jahdihim), he said: The one who exerts effort (al-jahid) in [giving] a little food (al-quta), and the one who exerts effort (al-jahid) is the one who strives (al-jahid).
10505 - My father narrated to us, [who said] Ibn Abi 'Umar narrated to us, [who said] Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah said regarding His saying: 'And those who find nothing to give but their effort': The one who exerts effort (al-jahid) in regard to what is in one's possession, and the one who exerts effort (al-jahid) is the effort of the person.
His saying the Exalted: 'They mock them, Allah will mock them, and for them is a painful punishment.'
10506 - My father narrated to us, [who said] Abu Salamah narrated to us, [who said] Mubarak narrated to us, [who said] al-Hasan narrated, he said: 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf came with a great charity to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, so some people criticized him and said: 'He did not bring this except out of showing off.' Others came from those who exerted their effort with little, so they mocked them and said: 'Look at what these have brought! By Allah, Allah is surely rich beyond need of their charities.' So Allah the Exalted revealed: 'Those who criticize the voluntary givers' to His saying: 'They mock them, Allah will mock them, and for them is a painful punishment.'
His saying the Exalted: 'Ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them.'
10507 - Yazid ibn Sinan narrated to us, [who said] 'Abd al-Malik ibn Hisham narrated to us, [who said] Ziyad ibn 'Abd Allah narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, [who said] al-Zuhri narrated to us, from 'Ubayd Allah ibn 'Abd Allah ibn 'Utbah, from Ibn 'Abbas who said: I heard 'Umar saying: When 'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy died, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was called to pray over him, so he stood up for him. When he stood over the enemy of Allah, 'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy, I said: 'The one who said such and such, and the one who said such and such?' I was listing his days, while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was smiling. Until, when I persisted, he said: 'O 'Umar, step aside from me. I have been given a choice, for it has been said: "Ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them. If you ask forgiveness for them seventy times"—so if I knew that if I exceeded seventy, he would be forgiven, I would have exceeded it.'
10508 - My father narrated to us, [who said] Abu Salamah narrated to us, [who said] Hammad narrated to us, from 'Ata' ibn al-Sa'ib, from al-Sha'bi, that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab said: I have committed a slip in Islam such as I have never committed before. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wanted to pray over 'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy, so I grabbed his garment.
١٠٥٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ الضَّرِيرِ ثنا عِيسَى بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْحَرَامِيُّ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: مَنْ قَرَأَ وَالَّذِينَ لا يجدون إلا جهدهم قال: فالجاهد في القيتة وَالْجَاهِدُ هُوَ الْجَاهِدُ.
١٠٥٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَالَّذِينَ لا يَجِدُونَ إِلا جُهْدَهُمْ: الْجَاهْدُ فِي ذَاتِ الْيَدِ، وَالْجَاهْدُ جاهد الإِنْسَانُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَيَسْخَرُونَ مِنْهُمْ سَخِرَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
١٠٥٠٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ ثنا مُبَارَكٌ ثنا الْحَسَنُ قَالَ: جَاءَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ بِصَدَقَةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فَلَمَزَهُ نَاسٌ، وَقَالُوا:
مَا جَاءَ بِهَذَا إِلا رِيَاءً، وَجَاءَ آخَرُونَ مِنْ جاهدهم بِالْقَلِيلِ، فَسَخَرُوا مِنْهُمْ وَقَالُوا: انْظُرُوا مَا جَاءَ بِهِ هَؤُلاءِ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِيٌّ عَنْ صَدَقَاتِهِمْ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: الَّذِينَ يَلْمِزُونَ الْمُطَّوِّعِينَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: فَيَسْخَرُونَ مِنْهُمْ سَخِرَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لَا تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ
١٠٥٠٧ - حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ثنا زِيَادٌ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ:
سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ دَعَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- لِلصَّلاةِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا وَقَفَ عَلَى عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ قُلْتُ:
الْقَائِلُ كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَالْقَائِلُ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ أُعَدِّدُ أَيَّامَهُ ورسوله اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- يَبْتَسِمُ، حَتَّى إِذَا أَكْثَرْتُ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ، أَخِّرْ عَنِّي، إِنِّي قَدْ خُيِّرْتُ قَدْ قِيلَ:
اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لَا تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ إِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً فَلَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي إِنْ زِدْتُ عَلَى السَّبْعِينَ غُفِرَ لَهُ لَزِدْتُ.
١٠٥٠٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ ثنا حَمَّادٌ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: لَقَدْ أَصَبْتُ فِي الإِسْلامِ هَفْوَةٌ مَا أَصَبْتُ مِثْلَهَا قَطُّ، أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أَنْ يُصَلِّي عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ، فَأَخَذْتُ بِثَوْبِهِ
