The Fourth Aspect:
10082 - I read to Muhammad, Muhammad narrated to us, Bukayr narrated to us from Muqatil regarding His saying to the People of the Scripture: "And give zakah," He commanded them to give the zakah by delivering it to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Then release them [from] their way"
10083 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid informed us, Yazid narrated to us from Sa'id from Qatadah regarding "Then release them [from] their way." Qatadah used to say: Release the way of those whom Allah has commanded you to release their way, for indeed the people are of three groups: A Muslim upon whom is Zakah, a polytheist upon whom is Jizyah, and a combatant who is granted security for his trade among the Muslims when he pays the tithes ('ushur) on his wealth.
10084 - My father narrated to us, 'Ubayd ibn Adam narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Shaybah narrated to us from 'Ata' al-Khurasani regarding "Then if they repent, establish prayer, and give zakah, then release them [from] their way," he said: Then He joined them with the believers.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Indeed, Allah is Forgiving, Merciful"
10085 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid narrated to us, Yazid narrated to us from Sa'id from Qatadah regarding His saying: "Indeed, Allah is Forgiving," he said: Forgiving of many sins, or major [sins]—Yazid was uncertain—"Merciful," he said: Merciful to His servants.
His saying, Exalted is He: "And if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection"
10086 - My father narrated to us, Abu Hudhayfah narrated to us, Shibl narrated to us from Ibn Abi Najih from Mujahid (1) regarding "And if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection," he says: Whoever comes to you and listens to what you say and listens to what is revealed to you, then he is safe until he reaches you.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Then grant him protection"
10087 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us from Ibn Abi Najih from Mujahid (2) regarding His saying: "Then grant him protection," he says: He is safe until he reaches him [the Prophet] and hears the word of Allah.
His saying, Exalted is He: "So that he may hear the word of Allah"
10088 - My father narrated to us, al-Husayn ibn al-Aswad narrated to us, 'Amr ibn Muhammad al-'Anqazi narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us from al-Suddi from his companions regarding the saying of Allah "And if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection so that he may hear the word of Allah," he said: The word of Allah is the Qur'an. It was also narrated from Qatadah similarly.
(1). Al-Tafsir 1/273. (2). Al-Tafsir 1/273.
والوجه الرَّابِعُ:
١٠٠٨٢ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدٌ ثنا بُكَيْرٌ عَنْ مُقَاتِلٍ قَوْلُهُ لأَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ يَدْفَعُونَهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُمْ
١٠٠٨٣ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَنْبَأَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ثنا يَزِيدُ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُمْ كَانَ قَتَادَةُ يَقُولُ: خَلُّوا سَبِيلَ مَنْ أَمَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُ فَإِنَّمَا النَّاسُ ثَلاثَةُ رَهْطٍ: مُسْلِمٌ عَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةُ، وَمُشْرِكٌ عَلَيْهِ الْجِزْيَةُ، وصَاحِبُ حَرْبٍ يَأْمَنُ بِتِجَارَتِهِ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذَا أَعْطَى عُشُورَ مَالِهِ.
١٠٠٨٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ آدَمَ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو شَيْبَةَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيُّ فَإِنْ تَابُوا وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتَوُا الزَّكَاةَ فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُمْ قَالَ: ثُمَّ خَلَطَهُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
١٠٠٨٥ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ثنا يَزِيدُ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَوْلُهُ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ قَالَ: غَفُورٌ لِلذُّنُوبِ الْكَثِيرَةِ أَوْ الْكَبِيرَةِ شَكَّ يزيد رحيم قَالَ: بِعِبَادَهِ رَحِيمٌ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ
١٠٠٨٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ ثنا شِبْلٌ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١» وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ يَقُولُ: مَنْ جَاءَكَ وَاسْتَمَعَ مَا تَقُولُ وَاسْتَمَعَ مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ فَهُوَ آمَنٌ حَتَّى يَأْتِيكَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَأَجِرْهُ
١٠٠٨٧ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ ثنا شَبَابَةُ حَدَّثَنَا وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «٢» قَوْلُهُ: فَأَجِرْهُ يَقُولُ: فَهُوَ آمَنٌ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ فَيَسْمَعُ كَلامَ اللَّهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ
١٠٠٨٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الأَسْوَدِ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَنْقَزِيُّ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: كَلامُ اللَّهِ: الْقُرْآنُ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ نحو ذلك.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٢٧٣.(٢) . التفسير ١/ ٢٧٣.
