10070 - Muhammad ibn Sa'd informed us—in what he wrote to me—my father narrated to us, my uncle narrated to us from his father from his grandfather from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people," for Allah named them wrongdoers due to their polytheism, so their maintenance (of the House) did not avail them anything.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Those who believed and migrated"
10071 - And through this chain, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "Those who believed and migrated and strove in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives." He says: There is no migration after the Conquest (of Makkah); it is only Jihad (struggle) after that. This is because the believers during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, were in three categories among them: The believing migrant who was separated from his people by migration, and went out to a people who were believers in their homes, their properties, and their wealth.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Greater in degree"
10072 - My father narrated to us, Sahl ibn 'Uthman narrated to us, Yahya—that is, Ibn Abi Za'idah—narrated to us, Musa ibn 'Ubaydah narrated to us from 'Abdullah ibn 'Ubaydah, he said: 'Ali said to al-'Abbas: "If only you would migrate to Madinah." He replied: "Am I not in the best of migration? Am I not providing water to the pilgrims and maintaining al-Masjid al-Haram?" So this verse was revealed, meaning His saying: "Greater in degree in the sight of Allah," and Allah granted Madinah the superiority of one degree over Makkah.
His saying, Exalted is He: "And it is those who are the successful"
10073 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim informed us—in what he wrote to me—Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us from al-Suddi regarding His saying: "And it is those who are the successful," he said: Toward everlasting bliss.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Their Lord gives them good tidings of mercy from Him and approval" until His saying: "everlasting"
10074 - Abu Bakr ibn Abi Musa al-Ansari narrated to us, Harun ibn Hatim narrated to us, 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Hammad narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us from al-Suddi regarding His saying: "Everlasting," meaning: permanent, not cut off.
١٠٠٧٠ - أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ- فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ- ثنا أَبِي ثنا عَمِّي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ: وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ فَسَمَّاهُمُ اللَّهُ ظَالِمِينَ بِشِرْكِهِمْ فَلَمْ تُغْنِ عَنْهُمُ الْعِمَارَةُ شَيْئًا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا
١٠٠٧١ - وَبِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ: الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا وَجَاهَدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ يَقُولُ: لَا هِجْرَةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ الشَّهَادَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَانُوا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى ثلاث منازل مِنْهُمُ:
الْمُؤْمِنُ الْمُهَاجِرُ الْمُبَايِنُ لِقَوْمِهِ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ، خَرَجَ إِلَى قَوْمٍ مُؤْمِنِينَ فِي دِيَارِهِمْ وَعَقَارِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَعْظَمُ دَرَجَةً
١٠٠٧٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ ثنا يَحْيَى هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ثنا مُوسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ: عَلِيٌّ لِلْعَبَّاسِ: لَوْ هَاجَرْتَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، قَالَ:
أَوَلَسْتُ فِي أَفْضَلِ الْهِجْرَةِ؟ أَلَسْتُ أُسْقِي الْحَاجَّ، وأعَمِّرُ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ؟ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ، يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ: أَعْظَمُ دَرَجَةً عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِلْمَدِينَةِ فَضْلَ دَرَجَةٍ عَلَى مَكَّةَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ
١٠٠٧٣ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ- فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ- ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلُهُ: وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ قَالَ: إِلَى نَعِيمٍ مُقِيمٍ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يُبَشِّرُهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِرَحْمَةٍ مِنْهُ وَرِضْوَانٌ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: مقيم
١٠٠٧٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي مُوسَى الأَنْصَارِيُّ ثنا هَارُونُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلُهُ: مُقِيمٌ يَعْنِي: دَائِمًا لَا يَنْقَطِعُ.
