His saying, Exalted is He: "Until they pay the jizyah willingly/out of hand"
10031 - My father narrated to us, Abu al-Yaman narrated to us, Shu'ayb informed us from al-Zuhri, Humayd ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us from Abu Hurayrah, who said: Abu Bakr sent me among those who were to make the proclamation on the Day of Sacrifice (Yawm al-Nahr) at Mina. He said: Then the verse concerning the jizyah was revealed, and it had not been taken before that. He made it a substitute for what he had forbidden them from, regarding the polytheists arriving with their trade goods. So He said: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah and not in the Last Day" up to His saying: "humbled." When Allah confirmed that for the Muslims, they knew that He had compensated them with something better than what they had previously found regarding the trade that the polytheists used to bring.
10032 - My father narrated to us, al-Hasan ibn al-Rabi' narrated to us, Abu Ishaq al-Fazari narrated to us from Sufyan ibn al-Husayn from al-Hakam from Miqsam from Ibn 'Abbas, who said: Among the women of the People of the Scripture are those who are lawful for us, and among them are those who are not lawful for us. Then he recited this verse: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah and not in the Last Day..." to the end of the verse. So whoever pays the jizyah, their women become lawful for us, and whoever does not pay the jizyah, their women are not lawful for us. Al-Hakam said: I mentioned this to Ibrahim, and he was pleased by it.
10033 - Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abd al-Hakam narrated to us, Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Malik said regarding the saying of Allah, Exalted is He: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah and not in the Last Day and do not forbid what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden and do not follow the religion of truth, from those who were given the Scripture, until they pay the jizyah willingly/out of hand while they are humbled." Malik said: The People of the Scripture only pay the jizyah from the proceeds of wine and swine, so it is lawful for the Muslims to take that from the People of the Scripture as jizyah, but it is not lawful for them to take swine or wine itself in their jizyah.
His saying, Exalted is He: "The jizyah"
10034 - Ja'far ibn Ahmad ibn 'Awsajah narrated to us, 'Awsajah ibn Ziyad narrated to us, 'Abd al-Samad ibn 'Ali ibn 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abbas narrated to us, Abu 'Ali narrated to us from my grandfather 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was asked about the jizyah 'out of hand' (an yadin), and he said: "The jizyah of the land and the person (the neck), the jizyah of the land and the person." Ja'far said: I believe he said it three times.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ
١٠٠٣١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ أَنْبَأَ شُعَيْبُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ثنا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: بَعَثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِيمَنْ يُؤَذِّنُ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ بِمِنًى، قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ فِي الآيَةِ الَّتِي تَتْبَعُهَا الْجِزْيَةَ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ تُؤْخَذُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَجَعَلَهَا عِوَضًا مِمَّا مَنَعَهُمْ مِنْ مُوَافَاةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِتِجَارَاتِهِمْ فَقَالَ قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلا بِالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: صَاغِرُونَ فَلَمَّا أَحَقَّ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ قَدْ عَاضَهُمْ أَفْضَلَ مِمَّا كَانُوا وَجَدُوا عَلَيْهِ مِمَّا كَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يُوَافُونَ بِهِ مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ.
١٠٠٣٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ ثنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: مِنْ نِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مَنْ تَحِلُّ لَنَا وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَا تَحِلُّ لَنَا ثُمَّ تَلا هَذِهِ الآيَةَ قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلا بِالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ الآيَةَ. فَمَنْ أَعْطَى الْجِزْيَةَ حَلَّ لَنَا نِسَاؤُهُمْ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُعْطِ الْجِزْيَةَ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَنَا نِسَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ الْحَكَمُ: فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ فَأَعْجَبَهُ.
١٠٠٣٣ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلا بِالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَلا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلا يَدِينُونَ دَيْنَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ: فَإِنَّمَا يُعْطِي أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ الْجِزْيَةَ مِنْ ثَمَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْخِنْزِيرِ، فَذَلِكَ حَلالٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوهَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فِي الْجِزْيَةِ وَلا يَحِلُّ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا فِي جِزْيَتِهِمُ الْخِنْزِيرَ وَلا الْخَمْرَ بِعَيْنِهَا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: الْجِزْيَةَ
١٠٠٣٤ - حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَوْسَجَةَ ثنا عَوْسَجَةُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ثنا أَبُي عَلِيٍّ عَنْ جَدِّي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْجِزْيَةِ عَنْ يَدٍ، قَالَ: جِزْيَةُ الأَرْضِ وَالَرَّقَبَةِ، جِزْيَةُ الأَرْضِ وَالرَّقَبَةِ قَالَ جَعْفَرُ: أَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ ثَلاثًا.
