His saying, Exalted is He: "And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise."
10053 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us, from al-Rabi' ibn Anas, from Abu al-'Aliyah regarding: "And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise," he says: Exalted in His vengeance when He takes vengeance, and Wise in His decree. It was also narrated from Qatadah and al-Rabi' similar to this.
10054 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: The Exalted in Might in His victory over those who disbelieved in Him when He wills, the Wise in His plea and His argument to His servants.
His saying, Exalted is He: "Go forth, whether light or heavy."
[The First Interpretation]
10055 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us, Hammad ibn Salamah narrated to us, Thabit and 'Ali ibn Zayd narrated to us, from Anas ibn Malik: That Abu Talhah recited Surah Bara'ah and came to this verse: "Go forth, whether light or heavy, and strive with your wealth and your lives in the cause of Allah," he said: I see that our Lord is calling us to go forth, the elders and the young. Prepare me, O my sons. His sons said: May Allah have mercy on you, you have already fought with the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) until he died, and you fought with Abu Bakr until he died, and you fought with 'Umar until he died; so we shall fight on your behalf. But he refused, so he boarded the sea and died. They could not find an island to bury him in except after nine days, yet he did not change, so they buried him there.
10056 - My father narrated to us, Abu al-Yaman al-Hakam ibn Nafi' narrated to us, Hurayz ibn 'Uthman narrated to us, from 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Maysarah, Abu Rashid al-Hubrani narrated to us, he said: I met al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad sitting on a chest from the chests of the moneychangers, intending to go to battle. I said: Allah has surely excused you. He replied: The Surah of the Inquiries has bound us: "Go forth, whether light or heavy," meaning Surah al-Tawbah.
It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih, al-Hasan, Shammar ibn 'Atiyyah, Muqatil ibn Hayyan, al-Sha'bi, and Zayd ibn Aslam: They said: [It means] the young and the old.
10057 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Nasr ibn 'Ali narrated to us, he said: My father informed me, Qurrah ibn Khalid narrated to us, from Abu Yazid al-Madani, he said: Al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad and Abu Ayyub al-Ansari used to say: We were commanded to go forth under all circumstances, interpreting "Go forth, whether light or heavy."
And the Second Interpretation:
10058 - Muhammad ibn Sa'd informed me in what he wrote to me, my father narrated to us, my uncle narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding his saying: "Go forth, whether light or heavy," he says: Go forth [whether] active or inactive. It was narrated from Qatadah: similar to this.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ.
١٠٠٥٣ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ يَقُولُ: عَزِيزٌ فِي نِقْمَتِهِ إِذَا انْتَقَمَ، حَكِيمٌ فِي أَمْرِهِ.
وَرُوِيَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ وَالرَّبِيعِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
١٠٠٥٤ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْعَزِيزُ فِي نُصْرَتِهِ مِمَّنْ كَفَرَ بِهِ إِذَا شَاءَ الْحَكِيمُ فِي عُذْرِهِ وَحُجَّتِهِ إِلَى عِبَادِهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: انفروا خفافا وثقالا.
[الوجه الأول]
١٠٠٥٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا ثَابِتٌ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ: أَنَّ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ بَرَاءَةَ فَأَتَى عَلَى هَذِهِ الآيَةِ انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالا وَجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: أَرَى رَبَّنَا يَسْتَنْفِرُنَا شُيُوخًا وَشُبَّانًا، جَهِّزُونِي بَنِيَّ، قَالَ بَنَوْهُ: يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ، قَدْ غَزَوْتَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- حَتَّى مَاتَ، وَغَزَوْتَ مَعَ أبو بَكْرٍ حَتَّى مَاتَ وَغَزَوْتَ مَعَ عُمَرَ حَتَّى مَاتَ، فَنَحْنُ نَغْزُو عَنْكَ، فَأَبَى فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَمَاتَ، فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا لَهُ جَزِيرَةً يَدْفِنُوهُ فِيهَا إِلا بَعْدَ تِسْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَلَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ فَدَفَنُوهُ فِيهَا.
١٠٠٥٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ ثنا حُرَيْزُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو رَاشِدٍ الْحَبْرانِيُّ قَالَ: وَافَيْتُ الْمِقْدَادَ بْنَ الأَسْوَدِ جَالِسًا عَلَى تَابُوتٍ مِنْ تَوَابِيتِ الصَّيَارِفَةِ يُرِيدُ الْغَزْو، فَقُلْتُ: لَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ فَقَالَ: أَبَتْ عَلَيْنَا سُورَةِ الْبُحُوثِ انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالا يَعْنِي سُورَةَ التَّوْبَةِ
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وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعِكْرِمَةَ وَأَبِي صَالِحٍ وَالْحَسَنِ وَشَمَّرِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، قَالُوا: شُبَّانًا وَكُهُولا.
١٠٠٥٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي ثنا قُرَّةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْمَدَنِيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ الْمِقْدَادُ ابْنُ الأَسْوَدِ وَأَبُو أَيُّوبَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ يَقُولانِ: أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نَنْفِرَ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ، وَيَتَأَوَّلَانِ انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالا.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
١٠٠٥٨ - أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ فِيمَا كتاب إِلَيَّ ثنا أَبِي ثنا عَمِّي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ