Charities are only for the poor, [meaning] the Muhajirun (emigrants) who emigrated to Kufa and similar places.
It was narrated from al-Dahhak that he said: The Muhajirun.
The Seventh Aspect:
10358 - Ibn Abi Aslam mentioned it, Ishaq ibn Ibrahim informed us, Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Wasiti informed us, Juwaybir narrated to us, from al-Dahhak, regarding His saying: "Charities are only for the poor and the needy," he said: He means by the poor: the companions of Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and they are, this day, in that same position.
The Eighth Aspect:
10359 - My father narrated to us, al-Mu‘alla ibn Asad narrated to us, Abu ‘Awanah narrated to us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "Charities are only for the poor," he said: The poor is the needy person who suffers from a chronic illness (zamana). It was [also] narrated from Ibrahim al-Nakha‘i: Something similar to that.
[The Seventh Aspect (numbered as such in the text):]
10360 - My father narrated to us, Harmalah narrated to us, Ibn Wahb narrated to us, Muslim ibn Khalid informed us, from Isma‘il ibn Umayyah, who said: I asked Mujahid about the saying of Allah: "Charities are only for the poor and the needy." He said: A man who is poor while he is among his own people, his kinsmen, and his tribe, and he possesses no wealth.
[His saying the Almighty: And the needy (wa al-masakin).]
[The First Aspect]
10361 - Harun ibn Ishaq al-Hamdani and Ahmad ibn Sinan al-Wasiti narrated to us, both saying: Abu Mu‘awiyah narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: The needy (masakin) are not those who roam about, nor those whom a morsel or two of food, or a date or two, turn away. But rather, the needy is the self-restrained one who does not ask people for anything, and it is not perceived [that he is in need] so that charity might be given to him.
10362 - ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Amr al-‘Uzzi narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Firyabi narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from Ibrahim al-Hajari, from Abu al-Ahwas, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Mas‘ud, who said: The Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: "The needy are not those who roam about," who are turned away by a morsel or two of food, or a date or two. But rather, the needy is the one who does not find that which suffices him, and is too shy to ask people, and it is not perceived [that he is in need] so that charity might be given to him.
الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ
الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ وَنَحْوِهَا
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وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْمُهَاجِرِينَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ السَّابِعُ:
١٠٣٥٨ - ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ أَبِي أَسْلَمَ، أَنْبَأَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنْبَأَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ ثنا جُوَيْبِرٌ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ قَالَ:
يَعْنِي بِالْفُقَرَاءِ: أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- وَهُمُ الْيَوْمَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّامِنُ:
١٠٣٥٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا الْمُعَلَّى بْنُ أَسَدٍ ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ قَالَ: الْفَقِيرُ الْمُحْتَاجُ الَّذِي بِهِ زَمَانَةٌ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ:
مثل ذلك.
[الوجه السابع:]
١٠٣٦٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا حَرْمَلَةُ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَنْبَأَ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِمُجَاهِدٍ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ: إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينَ قَالَ: الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فَقِيرًا وَهُوَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْ قَوْمِهِ وَذَوِي قَرَابَتِهِ وَعَشِيرَتِهِ، وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَالٌ.
[قوله تعالى: والمساكين.]
[الوجه الأول]
١٠٣٦١ - حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْوَاسِطِيُّ قَالا: ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- لَيْسَ الْمَسَاكِينُ بِالطَّوَافِ، وَلا بِالَّذِينَ تَرُدُّهُ اللُّقْمَةُ وَاللُّقْمَتَانِ، وَلا التَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ وَلَكِنَّ الْمَسَاكِينَ: الْمُتَعَفِّفُ الَّذِي لَا يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا وَلا يُفْطَنُ لَهُ فَيُتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهِ.
١٠٣٦٢ - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو الْعُزَّى ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْهَجَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- «لَيْسَ الْمَسَاكِينُ بِالطَّوَافِ» ، الَّذِينَ تَرُدُّهُ اللُّقْمَةُ وَاللُّقْمَتَانِ وَالتَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ، وَلَكِنَّ الْمَسَاكِينَ الَّذِي لَا يَجِدُ مَا يُغْنِيهِ، وَيَسْتَحِي أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ، وَلا يُفْطَنُ لَهُ فَيُتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهِ.
