13210 - From Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, regarding His saying: "We have fastened his fate to his neck," he said: "The record of his deeds. 'And We shall bring forth for him on the Day of Resurrection a book which he will find spread open.'" He said: "The deed he performed was counted against him, so he is brought forth on the Day of Resurrection, [as well as] what was written of his deeds, and he reads it spread open."
13211 - From al-Suddi, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding the verse, he said: "The disbeliever is brought forth a book on the Day of Resurrection, and he says: 'O Lord, You have decreed that You are not unjust to the servants, so allow me to call myself to account.' Then it is said to him: 'Read your book; sufficient is yourself against you this Day as accountant.'"
His saying, the Almighty: "Read your book"
13212 - From Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding His saying: "Read your book," he said: "On that day, he who was not a reader in the world will read."
His saying, the Almighty: "And We never punish until We have sent a messenger"
13213 - From Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: "When the Day of Resurrection comes, Allah will gather the people of the interval (ahl al-fatra): the mentally disabled, the deaf, the mute, and the elderly who did not reach [the message of] Islam. Then He will send a messenger to them [commanding them]: 'Enter the Fire.' They will say: 'How? No messengers came to us!' He said: 'By Him in Whose hand is my soul, had they entered it, it would have been coolness and peace for them.' Then He will send a messenger to them, and whoever wishes to obey Him will obey Him.' Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 'Read if you wish: "And We never punish until We have sent a messenger."'
His saying, the Almighty: "And when We intend to destroy a township"
13214 - From Shahr ibn Hawshab, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: I heard Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, saying regarding His saying: "And when We intend to destroy a township," he said: "We command its wealthy ones with the truth, but they disobey it, so destruction is rightfully decreed upon them because of that."
13215 - From Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, regarding His saying: "And when We intend to destroy a township, We command its wealthy ones," he said: "We empower its evil ones, so they commit disobedience within it. When they do that, We destroy them with punishment. And this is His saying: 'And thus We have placed within every city the greatest of its criminals to plot therein.'"
(1). al-Durr 5/248-249. (2). al-Durr 5/248-249. (3). al-Durr 5/254-255. (4). al-Durr 5/254-255. (5). al-Durr 5/254-255. (6). al-Durr 5/254-255.
١٣٢١٠ - عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما في قوله: ألزمناه طائره قال كتاب عمله وَنُخْرِجُ لَهُ يَوْم الْقِيَامَة كِتَابًا يَلْقَاهُ منشورا قال: عمله الذي عمل أحصى عليه، فأخرج له يوم القيامة ما كتب عليه مِنَ العمل، فقرأه منشورًا «١» .
١٣٢١١ - عَنِ السُّدِّىِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي الْآيَةِ قَالَ: الكافر يخرج لَهُ يَوْم الْقِيَامَة كتاب فَيَقُولُ: رب إنك قضيت أنك لست بظلام للعبيد، فاجعلني أحاسب نفسي.
فيقال لَهُ: اقْرَأْ كِتَابَكَ كَفَى بِنَفْسِكَ الْيَوْمَ عَلَيْكَ حَسِيبًا «٢» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: اقْرَأْ كِتَابَكَ
١٣٢١٢ - عَنْ قَتَادَة رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: اقْرَأْ كِتَابَكَ قَالَ: سيقرأ يومئذ مِنْ لَمْ يكن قارئًا في الدُّنْيَا «٣» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى وَمَا كُنَّا مُعَذِّبِينَ حَتَّى نَبْعَثَ رَسُولا
١٣٢١٣ - عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْم الْقِيَامَة جَمَعَ الله أَهْل الفترة: المعتوه والأصم والأبكم والشيوخ الذين لَمْ يدركوا الإسلام، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ رسولًا إِنَّ ادخلوا النَّار، فيقولون: كيف؟ ولم تأتنا رسل! قَالَ: وأيم الله، لو دخلوها لكانت عَلَيْهِمْ بردًا وسلامًا ثُمَّ يرسل إِلَيْهِمْ، فيطيعه مِنْ كَانَ يريد إِنَّ يطيعه قَالَ: أبو هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ الله عنه: اقرءوا إِنَّ شئتم وَمَا كُنَّا مُعَذِّبِينَ حَتَّى نَبْعَثَ رسولا «٤» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِذَا أَرَدْنَا إِنَّ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً
١٣٢١٤ - عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سمعت ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا يَقُولُ: فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِذَا أَرَدْنَا إِنَّ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً
قَالَ: أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا
بحق فخالفوه فحق عَلَيْهِمْ بِذَلِكَ التدمير «٥» .
١٣٢١٥ - عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِذَا أَرَدْنَا إِنَّ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا
قَالَ: سلطنا شِرَارُهَا فَعَصَوْا فِيهَا فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ أَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ بِالْعَذَابِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ: وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَا فِي كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ أَكَابِرَ مُجْرِمِيهَا لِيَمْكُرُوا فِيهَا «٦» .
(١) . الدر ٥/ ٢٤٨- ٢٤٩.(٢) . الدر ٥/ ٢٤٨- ٢٤٩.(٣) . الدر ٥/ ٢٥٤- ٢٥٥.(٤) . الدر ٥/ ٢٥٤- ٢٥٥.(٥) . الدر ٥/ ٢٥٤- ٢٥٥.(٦) . الدر ٥/ ٢٥٤- ٢٥٥.