The Statement of the Exalted: "And We saved him and Lot to the land which We had blessed within it..."
13681 - From Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding "And We saved him and Lot," he said: They were in the land of Iraq, so they were saved to the land of al-Sham. It was said: Al-Sham is the pillar of the abode of migration; and what is diminished from the earth is increased in al-Sham, and what is diminished from al-Sham is increased in Palestine. It was also said: It is the land of the Gathering and the Resurrecting (al-Mahshar wa al-Manshar), and in it 'Isa ibn Maryam (peace be upon him) shall descend, and in it Allah shall destroy the elder of misguidance, the Dajjal.
The Statement of the Exalted: "And We gave him Isaac."
13682 - From Mujahid (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding "And We gave him Isaac," he said: [Meaning] He bestowed [him].
"And Jacob as a gift (nafilah)" he said: A gift ('atiyyah).
The Statement of the Exalted: "A gift (nafilah)."
13683 - From al-Hakam, he said: The nafilah is the grandson.
The Statement of the Exalted: "And We made them leaders guiding..."
13684 - From Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding His saying: "And We made them leaders guiding" (the verse), he said: Allah made them leaders to be followed in the command of Allah.
The Statement of the Exalted: "When the sheep of the people grazed therein (nafashat)."
13685 - My father narrated to us, Sa'id ibn Sulayman narrated to us, Khudayj narrated to us, from Abu Ishaq, from Murrah, from Masruq, he said: The field (al-harth) in which the sheep grazed was a vineyard in which the sheep grazed, and they did not leave a single leaf or cluster of grapes without eating it. So they came to David, and he gave them [the sheep] in place of their [the vineyard's yield]. But Solomon said: "No, rather the sheep should be taken and given to the owners of the vineyard, so they may have their milk and benefit, and the owners of the sheep should be given the vineyard so they may tend to it and cultivate it until it returns to the state it was in on the night the sheep grazed in it; then the owners of the sheep shall be given their sheep, and the owners of the vineyard their vineyard."
13686 - From Ibn Abbas regarding "nafashat," he said: [It means] They grazed.
(1) Al-Durr 5/642-643-644. (2) Al-Durr 5/642-643-644. (3) Al-Durr 5/642-643-644. (4) Al-Durr 5/642-643-644. [...] (5) Ibn Kathir. (6) Al-Durr 5/647.
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: وَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَلُوطًا إِلَى الأَرْض الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا ...
١٣٦٨١ - عَنْ قَتَادَة رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَلُوطًا قَالَ: كانا بأرض العراق، فأنجيا إِلَى أرض الشام. وكان يقال: الشام عماد دار الهجرة، وما نقص مِنَ الأَرْض زَيْدٍ في الشام وما نقص مِنَ الشام زَيْدٍ في فلسطين. وكان يقال: هي أرض المحشر والمنشر، وفيها يَنْزِل عِيسَى بن مريم عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، وبها يهلك الله شيخ الضلالة الدجال «١» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ
١٣٦٨٢ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: أعطا.
وَيَعْقُوبَ نَافِلَةً قَالَ: عطية «٢» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى نَافِلَةً
١٣٦٨٣ - عَنِ الحكم قَالَ: النافلة ابن الابن «٣» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ ...
١٣٦٨٤ - عَنْ قَتَادَة رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ الآية.
قَالَ: جعلهم الله أئمة يقتدى بهم في أمر الله «٤» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ
١٣٦٨٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أبى ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ سليمان، حَدَّثَنَا خديج عَنِ أبى إسحاق عَنْ مرة عَنْ مسروق قَالَ: الحرث الّذِي نفشت فيه الغنم إنما كَانَ كرمًا نفشت فيه الغنم، فلم تدع فيه ورقة ولا عنقودًا مِنْ عنب إلا أكلته، فأتوا داود فأعطاهم رقابها: فقال سليمان: لا، بل تؤخذ الغنم فيعطاها أَهْل الكرم، فيكون لَهُمْ لبنها ونفعها: ويعطي أَهْل الغنم الكرم فيصلحوه ويعمروه حتى يعود كالذي كَانَ ليلة نفشت فيه الغنم، ثُمَّ يعطي أَهْل الغنم غنمهم وأهل الكرم كرمهم «٥» .
١٣٦٨٦ - عَنِ ابْنِ عباس نفشت قال: رعت «٦» .
(١) . الدر ٥/ ٦٤٢- ٦٤٣- ٦٤٤.(٢) . الدر ٥/ ٦٤٢- ٦٤٣- ٦٤٤.(٣) . الدر ٥/ ٦٤٢- ٦٤٣- ٦٤٤.(٤) . الدر ٥/ ٦٤٢- ٦٤٣- ٦٤٤. [.....](٥) . ابن كثير(٦) . الدر ٥/ ٦٤٧.
