15400 - My father narrated to us, Adam ibn Abi Iyas al-'Asqalani reported to us, Shu'bah reported to us, Yazid al-Rishk reported to us, from Abu Mijlaz, he said: I was sitting with 'Abd Allah ibn 'Umar when a man asked him about shirk (polytheism). He said: "To set up a partner with Allah."
His saying, the Exalted: "And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right."
15401 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Bukayr reported to us, Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding the saying of Allah: "And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right," meaning: the soul of the believer.
15402 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Abu Hisham reported to us, Ibn Abi Ghaniyah reported to us, from Sa'd al-Iskaf, from Abu Ja'far: "And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right." He said: They are the people of the covenant (ahl al-dhimmah).
His saying, the Exalted: "Which Allah has forbidden"
15403 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah reported to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr concerning the saying of Allah: "And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden its killing, except by right."
His saying, the Exalted: "Except by right"
15404 - By the same chain from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, regarding the saying of Allah: "And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right," he said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "I have been commanded to fight the people until they say 'There is no god but Allah.' If they say it, their blood and wealth are protected from me, except by its right, and their account is with Allah." They said: "O Prophet of Allah, and what is its right?" He said: "A life for a life, the married adulterer, the apostate from Islam, the one who abandons his religion, alters his faith, and separates from the community."
His saying, the Exalted: "And do not commit adultery."
15405 - 'Ali ibn al-Hasan al-Hisinjani narrated to us, Musaddad reported to us, 'Abd al-Wahid reported to us, 'Asim reported to us, from al-Sha'bi, he said: Masruq said: I am amazed at those who say that slander (qadhf) is more severe than adultery, when Allah has paired adultery with killing and polytheism. Allah said: "And those who do not invoke with Allah another deity, and do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right, and do not commit adultery."
١٥٤٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ الْعَسْقَلانِيُّ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، ثنا يَزِيدُ الرِّشْكُ، عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ، عَنِ الشِّرْكِ؟
فَقَالَ: أَنْ تَجْعَلَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ
١٥٤٠١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ يَعْنِي نَفْسَ الْمُؤْمِنِ.
١٥٤٠٢ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا أَبُو هِشَامٍ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي غَنِيَّةَ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ الإِسْكَافِ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ: وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ قَالَ: هُمْ أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهِ
١٥٤٠٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ قَتْلَهَا إِلا بِالْحَقِّ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِلا بِالْحَقِّ
١٥٤٠٤ - بِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا حُرِّمَتْ دِمَاؤُهُمْ إِلا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ قَالُوا: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ وَمَا حَقُّهَا؟ قَالَ: النَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ وَالثَّيِّبُ الزَّانِي وَالْمُرْتَدُّ، عَنِ الإسلام والتارك لِدِينِهِ فَغَيَّرَ إِيمَانَهُ الْمُفَارِقُ لِلْجَمَاعَةِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلا يَزْنُونَ
١٥٤٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْهِسِنْجَانِيُّ، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ، ثنا عَاصِمٌ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ مَسْرُوقٌ إِنِّي لأَعْجَبُ مِمَّنْ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ الْقَذْفَ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الزِّنَا وَقَدْ قَرْنَ اللَّهُ الزِّنَا بِالْقَتْلِ وَالإِشْرَاكِ. قَالَ اللَّهُ: وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهاً آخَرَ وَلا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلا بِالْحَقِّ وَلا يَزْنُونَ
