13799 - From Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) regarding the verse, he said: "If one of them would come to Medina—which was an unhealthy land—if his body remained healthy there, his mare produced a fine foal, and his wife gave birth to a boy, he would be pleased with it and feel reassured by it, saying: 'I have encountered nothing but good since I have been on this religion of mine.' But if he returned from Medina and his wife gave birth to a girl, and his charity/yield was delayed from him, the Shaytan would come to him and say: 'By Allah, I have encountered nothing but evil since I have been on this religion of yours.' That is the trial."
13800 - From Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding His saying: "And of the people is he who worships Allah on an edge," he said: "On doubt. If good befalls him, he feels reassured by it; and if a trial befalls him, he turns back on his face. He says: If he experiences fertility, ease of life, and what he desires, he feels reassured by it and says: 'I am on the truth, and I know what I am upon.' And if a trial—meaning an affliction—befalls him, he turns back on his face. He says: 'He has abandoned what he was upon of the truth,' so he denies his knowledge. 'He has lost this world and the Hereafter.' He says: 'He has lost his worldly life, for which he used to grieve, and by which he would rejoice, and for which he would be angry and pleased; and it was his concern, his distress, his request, and his intention. Then he proceeds to the Hereafter while he has no good deed to offer [in exchange] for good.' That is the manifest loss."
His saying, the Almighty: "He calls upon, other than Allah, that which does not harm him."
13801 - From al-Suddi regarding His saying: "He calls upon, other than Allah, that which does not harm him," if he disobeys him in the world, "and that which does not benefit him," if he obeys him; and that is the idol. "He calls upon him whose harm is closer than his benefit." He says: His harm in the Hereafter due to his worshiping him in the world. "How wretched is the protector!" He says: The idol.
His saying, the Almighty: "How wretched is the protector and how wretched is the associate!"
13802 - From Mujahid, "How wretched is the protector and how wretched is the associate [al-'ashir]," he said: The companion.
His saying, the Almighty: "Whoever thinks that Allah will not help him."
13803 - From Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) regarding His saying: "Whoever thinks that Allah will not help him," he said: "Whoever thinks that Allah will not help Muhammad in the world and the Hereafter, 'let him extend a rope to the sky,'" he said: "Let him tie a rope to the sky," he said: "To the ceiling of his house, 'then let him cut,'" he said: "Then let him strangle himself with it until he dies."
(1). Al-Durr 6/12-13. (2). Al-Durr 6/14-15. (3). Al-Durr 6/14-15. (4). Al-Durr 6/14-15. (5). Al-Durr 6/14-15.
١٣٧٩٩ - عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما في الآية قَالَ: كَانَ أحدهم إِذَا قدم المدينة وهى أرض وبيئة- فإن صح بها جسمه ونتجت فرسه مهرًا حسنًا وولدت امرأته غلامًا، ورضى به واطمأن إليه وَقَالَ: مَا أصبت منذ كنت عَلَى ديني هَذَا إلا خيرًا، وإن رجع المدينة وولدت امرأته جارية وتأخرت عنه الصدقة، أتاه الشيطان فقال: والله مَا أصبت منذ كنت عَلَى دينك هَذَا إلا شرًا. وذلك الفتنة «١» .
١٣٨٠٠ - عَنْ قَتَادَة رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَلَى حَرْفٍ قَالَ: عَلَى شك فَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ خَيْرٌ اطْمَأَنَّ بِهِ وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ فِتْنَةٌ انْقَلَبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ أصاب خصبًا وسلوة مِنْ عش وما يشتهي، اطمأن إليه وَقَالَ: أنا عَلَى حق وأنا أعرف الّذِي أنا عليه وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ فِتْنَةٌ أي بلاء انْقَلَبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ يَقُولُ: ترك مَا كَانَ عليه من الحق فأنكر معرفته، خَسِرَ الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةَ يَقُولُ: خسر دنياه التي كَانَ لها يحزن وبها يفرح ولها يسخط ولها يرضى، وهي همه وسدمه وطلبته ونيته، ثُمَّ أفضى إلى الآخرة وليس لَهُ حسنة يعطي بها خيرا ف ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرَانُ المبين «٢» .
قوله تعالى: يدعوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لا يَضُرُّهُ
١٣٨٠١ - عَنِ السدى في قوله: يدعوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لا يَضُرُّهُ إِنَّ عصاه في الدُّنْيَا وَمَا لا يَنْفَعُهُ إِنَّ أطاعه وهو الصنم يدعوا لَمَنْ ضَرُّهُ أَقْرَبُ مِنْ نَفْعِهِ يَقُولُ:
ضره في الآخرة مِنَ أجل عبادته إياه في الدُّنْيَا لَبِئْسَ الْمَوْلَى يَقُولُ: الصنم «٣» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: لَبِئْسَ الْمَوْلَى وَلَبِئْسَ الْعَشِيرُ
١٣٨٠٢ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ لَبِئْسَ المولى ولبئس العشير قال: الصاحب «٤» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: مَنْ كَانَ يَظُنُّ إِنَّ لَنْ يَنْصُرَهُ اللَّهُ
١٣٨٠٣ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: مَنْ كَانَ يَظُنُّ إِنَّ لَنْ يَنْصُرَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ: مِنْ كَانَ يظن إِنَّ لن ينصر الله محمدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ بِسَبَبٍ قَالَ: فليربط حبلاً إِلَى السَّمَاء قَالَ: إِلَى سماء بيته السقف ثُمَّ لِيَقْطَعْ قَالَ:
ثُمَّ يختنق به حتي يموت «٥» .
