13959 - From Sufyan, regarding His saying: "Indeed, Allah does not love," he said: He does not draw near.
13960 - From Mujahid, he said: Everything in the Qur'an [referring to] 'kafūr' (disbeliever), he means by it the disbelievers.
His saying, the Almighty: "Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give them victory."
13961 - From Ibn Abbas, he said: When the Prophet (peace be upon him) left Makkah, Abu Bakr said: They have driven out their Prophet. 'Indeed we belong to Allah, and indeed to Him we will return.' The people will surely perish! So was revealed: "Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged," the verse. Ibn Abbas used to recite it "udhina" (permission has been given). Abu Bakr said: Then I knew that there would be fighting. Ibn Abbas said: And it is the first verse revealed regarding fighting.
13962 - From Mujahid, he said: A group of believers went out as emigrants from Makkah to Al-Madinah, and the disbelievers of Quraysh followed them, so permission was granted to them to fight them. Allah revealed: "Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged," the verse. So they fought them.
13963 - From Urwah ibn al-Zubayr: The first verse revealed regarding fighting was when the Muslims were afflicted in Makkah, and their clans set upon them to tempt them away from Islam, and they expelled them from their homes and conspired against them. So Allah revealed: "Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged," the verse. This was when He gave permission to His Messenger to leave, and gave permission to them to fight.
13964 - From Ibn Zayd, regarding His saying: "Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought," he said: Permission was granted to them to fight them, after He had pardoned them for ten years.
13965 - From Sa'id ibn Jubayr, regarding His saying: "Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought," he said: The Prophet (peace be upon him) and his companions, "because they were wronged," meaning the people of Makkah wronged them when they drove them out of their homes.
His saying, the Almighty: "Those who have been evicted from their homes."
13966 - From Ibn Abbas, "Those who have been evicted from their homes," meaning from Makkah to Al-Madinah "without right," meaning Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his companions.
13967 - From Uthman ibn Affan, he said: It is about us that this verse was revealed.
(1). Al-Durr 6/56-57. (2). Al-Durr 6/56-57. (3). Al-Durr 6/56-57. (4). Al-Durr 6/56-57. (5). Al-Durr 6/56-57. (6). Al-Durr 6/56-57. (7). Al-Durr 6/58-59. (8). Al-Durr 6/58-59.
١٣٩٥٩ - عَنْ سُفْيَانَ فِي قَوْلُهُ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُحِبُّ قَالَ: لا يُقَرِّبُ «١» .
١٣٩٦٠ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ: كل شيء في القرآن كَفُورٍ يَعْنِي به الكفار «٢» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِيرٌ
١٣٩٦١ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مكة قَالَ أبو بكر: أخرجوا نبيهم، إنا لله وإنا إليه راجعون، ليهلكن القوم! فنزلت أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا الأية. وكان ابن عباس يقرأها أُذِنَ قَالَ أبو بكر: فعلمت أنه سيكون قتال. قَالَ ابن عباس: وهي أول آية نَزَلَتْ في القتال «٣» .
١٣٩٦٢ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ: خرج ناس مؤمنون مهاجرين مِنْ مكة إِلَى المدينة، فاتبعهم كفار قريش فأذن لَهُمْ في قتالهم فأنزل الله: أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا الآية. فقاتلوهم «٤» .
١٣٩٦٣ - عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ إِنَّ أول آية أنزلت في القتال حين ابْتَلَى المسلمون بمكة وسطت بهم عشائرهم ليفتنوهم، عَنِ الإسلام، وأخرجوهم مِنْ ديارهم وتظاهروا عَلَيْهِمْ فأنزل الله: أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا الآية وذلك حين أذن لرسوله بالخروج، وأذن لَهُمْ بالقتال «٥» .
١٣٩٦٤ - عَنِ ابْنِ زَيْدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ قَالَ: أذن لَهُمْ في قتالهم، بعد ما عفى، عنهم عشر سنين «٦» .
١٣٩٦٥ - عَنْ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ قَالَ: النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا يَعْنِي ظلمهم أَهْل مكة حين أخرجوهم مِنْ ديارهم «٧» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ
١٣٩٦٦ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ أي مِنْ مكة إِلَى المدينة بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ يَعْنِي مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وأصحابه «٨» .
١٣٩٦٧ - عَنْ عثمان بن عفان قال: فينا نزلت هذه الآية
