no male child [was born] unless they slaughtered him, and no female child was born to them unless she was spared. He said to the Copts: "Look at your slaves who work outside, and bring them in, and set the Children of Israel to perform those filthy labors." So he set the Children of Israel to the labor of his boys, and he brought his boys in. That is the time when Allah says: "Indeed, Pharaoh exalted himself in the land," meaning: He acted arrogantly in the land. It was narrated from 'Ikrimah similarly.

16666 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid al-Narsi informed us: Yazid ibn Zuray' narrated to us, from Sa'id, from Qatadah regarding His saying: "Indeed, Pharaoh exalted himself in the land," meaning: He acted tyrannically in the land.

His saying, the Exalted: "And made its people into factions."

16667 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us: 'Amr ibn Hammad narrated to us: Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi regarding His saying: "And made its people into factions," meaning the Children of Israel, at the time he set them to the filthy labors.

16668 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us: Shababah narrated to us: Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid regarding His saying: "And made its people into factions," he separated them.

16669 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us: Safwan narrated to us: al-Walid narrated to us: Sa'id narrated to us, from Qatadah regarding His saying: "And made its people into factions," he said: He separated between the Copts and the Children of Israel. It was narrated from 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn Aslam something similar.

His saying, the Exalted: "Oppressing a group among them."

16670 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us: 'Amr ibn Hammad narrated to us: Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi regarding "Oppressing a group among them," he says: He set them to the filthy labors.

16671 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas, the freedman of Banu Hashim, narrated to us: 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Salamah narrated to us: Salamah narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: There was no Pharaoh among the Pharaohs more harsh, more hard-hearted, or worse in his rule over the Children of Israel than him. He enslaved them, made them into servants and attendants, and classified them into his works; a group would build, a group would plow, and a group would herd for him. He said: They were in his labors, and whoever among them was not [occupied] with a task of his, he had to pay the jizyah (tax). So he burdened them, as Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said.