by the decrees of Allah, which were effective according to His prior knowledge. And He said to Moses and Aaron: "Go to Pharaoh; indeed, he has transgressed. And speak to him with gentle speech that perhaps he may be reminded or fear [Allah]." In His prior knowledge, Moses was for Pharaoh an enemy and a cause of grief. He said: "And We will show Pharaoh and Haman and their soldiers through them that which they used to fear." And you said: "If Pharaoh had willed, he would have been for Moses a protector and helper," while Allah says: "That he might be for them an enemy and a cause of grief."
16693 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas narrated to us: 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Salamah narrated to us: Salamah narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, regarding "That he might be for them an enemy and a cause of grief," he said: "To be for them, in the end of his affair, an enemy."
16694 - And by the same chain regarding His saying: "and a cause of grief," for what Allah intended for him; they did not take him for that reason.
His saying, the Exalted: "Indeed, Pharaoh and Haman."
16695 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us: Muhammad ibn 'Isa narrated to us: Salamah narrated to us, from Ibn Ishaq, who said: There was no one among them, Pharaoh, who was more rebellious against Allah, greater in speech, or longer-lived in his kingdom than he, and his name, according to what was mentioned to me, was al-Walid ibn Mus'ab.
16696 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us: Safwan narrated to us: al-Walid narrated to us: Khulayd narrated to us, from al-Hasan, who said: Pharaoh was a churl from Hamadhan.
His saying, the Exalted: "And their soldiers, were sinners."
16697 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us: 'Amr ibn Hammad narrated to us: Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi, who said: Haman was in command of Pharaoh's vanguard with one million seven hundred thousand horses, in which there was not [any doubt].
His saying, the Exalted: "And the wife of Pharaoh said, '[He will be] a comfort of the eye for me and for you.'"
16698 - Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Abi al-Thalj narrated to us: Yazid ibn Harun narrated to us: Asbagh ibn Zayd al-Warraq informed us: al-Qasim ibn Abi Ayyub narrated to us: Sa'id ibn Jubayr narrated to us, from Ibn 'Abbas, who said: When she opened the chest, she saw a boy in it, and a love was cast upon her for him, such as had never been cast upon any human being ever. When the slaughterers heard about him, they approached Pharaoh's wife with their blades to slaughter him. She said: "Leave him, for this one will not increase the number of the Children of Israel, until I come to Pharaoh and ask him to gift him to me; if he gifts him to me, you will have done well and acted kindly, and if he orders his slaughter, I will not blame you." So she brought him to Pharaoh and said: "A comfort of the eye for me and for you." Pharaoh said: "He shall be yours, but as for me, I have no need of that." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "By Him whom one swears by, had Pharaoh acknowledged him to be a comfort of the eye for him as his wife acknowledged, Allah would have guided him through him as He guided her through him, but Allah forbade him that."
بأقدار الله النافذة فِي عِلْمِهِ السَّابِقِ، وَقَالَ لِمُوسَى وَهَارُونَ: اذْهَبَا إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَى، فَقُولا لَهُ قَوْلا لَيِّنًا لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشَى وَمُوسَى فِي سَابِقِ عِلْمِهِ كَانَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ عَدُوًّا وَحَزَنًا قَالَ: وَنُرِيَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَهَامَانَ وَجُنُودَهُمَا مِنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَحْذَرُونَ وَقُلْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ: لَوْ شَاءَ فِرْعَوْنُ لَكَانَ لِمُوسَى وَلِيًّا نَاصِرًا، وَاللَّهُ يَقُولُ: لِيَكُونَ لَهُمْ عَدُوًّا وَحَزَنًا.
١٦٦٩٣ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ لِيَكُونَ لَهُمْ عَدُوًّا وَحَزَنًا قَالَ: لِيَكُونَ لَهُمْ فِي عَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِهِ عَدُوًّا.
١٦٦٩٤ - وَبِهِ في قوله: وحزنا لِمَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَلَيْسَ لِذَلِكَ أَخَذُوهُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ وَهَامَانَ
١٦٦٩٥ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، ثنا سَلَمَةُ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ أَعْتَى عَلَى اللَّهِ، وَلا أَعْظَمُ قَوْلا، وَلا أَطْوَلُ عَمْرًا فِي مُلْكِهِ مِنْهُ، وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ فِيمَا ذُكِرَ لِي: الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُصْعَبٍ.
١٦٦٩٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا صَفْوَانُ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ، ثنا خُلَيْدٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ:
كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ عِلْجًا مِنْ هَمَذَانَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَجُنُودَهُمَا كَانُوا خَاطِئِينَ
١٦٦٩٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ هَامَانُ فِي أَلْفِ أَلْفٍ وَسَبْعِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ حِصَانٍ، لَيْسَ فِيهَا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَقَالَتِ امرأت فرعون قرت عَيْنٍ لِي وَلَكَ
١٦٦٩٨ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي الثُّلَّةِ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَنْبَأَ أَصْبَغُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الْوَرَّاقُ، ثنا الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا فَتَحَتِ التَّابُوتَ رَأَتْ فِيهِ غُلامًا، فَأُلْقِي عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا مَحَبَّةٌ لَمْ يُلْقَ مِنْهَا عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْبَشَرِ قَطُّ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الذَّبَّاحُونَ بِأَمْرِهِ أَقْبَلُوا بِشِفَارِهِمْ إِلَى امْرَأَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ، لِيَذْبَحُوهُ قَالَتْ:
أَقِرُّوهُ، فَإِنَّ هَذَا الْوَاحِدُ لَا يَزِيدُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، حَتَّى آتِيَ فِرْعَوْنَ فَأَسْتَوْهِبَهُ مِنْهُ فَإِنْ وَهَبَهُ لِي كُنْتُمْ قَدْ أَحْسَنْتُمْ وَأَجْمَلْتُمْ وَإِنْ أَمَرَ بِذَبْحِهِ لَمْ أَلُمْكُمْ فَأَتَتْ بِهِ فِرْعَوْنَ فقالت:
قرت عَيْنٍ لِي وَلَكَ قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ: يَكُونُ لَكِ، وَأَمَّا لِي فَلا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ. قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- وَالَّذِي يُحْلَفُ بِهِ لَوْ أَقَرَّ فِرْعَوْنُ بِأَنْ يَكُونَ قُرَّةَ عَيْنٍ لَهُ كَمَا أَقَرَّتِ امْرَأَتُهُ لَهَدَاهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ كَمَا هَدَاهَا بِهِ، وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَمَهُ ذَلِكَ.
