His saying, the Exalted: "Indeed in that is a sign"—up to: "the Merciful."
Its explanation has preceded.
[His saying: "Thamud denied the messengers"]
15841 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas narrated to us, [saying]: 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Salamah narrated to us, [saying]: Salamah ibn al-Fadl narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq who said: When Allah destroyed 'Ad and their affair came to an end, Thamud were settled after them, and they were made successors in the earth. They grew numerous and spread therein, then they became arrogant toward Allah. When their corruption became manifest and they worshipped others besides Allah, Allah sent Salih to them—and they were an Arab people, and he was the most moderate among them in lineage and the best among them in status—as a messenger. Their dwellings were from al-Hijr to Quzah, which is Wadi al-Qura, a distance of eighteen miles between al-Hijaz and al-Sham. Allah sent him to them as a young boy, and he called them to Allah until he turned gray and aged, yet none followed him except a few among the oppressed. When Salih persisted in calling them and increased his warnings to them, and frightened them from Allah with punishment and retribution,
They asked him to show them a sign that would be a confirmation for what he was saying in that to which he was calling them. He said to them: "What sign do you want?" They said: "You shall go out with us to this festival of ours"—and they had a festival on a known day of the year to which they would go out with their idols and what they worshipped besides Allah—"and you shall call upon your God, and we shall call upon our gods. If it is answered for you, we shall follow you, and if it is answered for us, you shall follow us." Salih said to them: "Yes." So they went out with their idols to that festival of theirs, and Salih went out with them to Allah, and they called upon their idols and asked them that no response be given to Salih regarding anything for which he prayed.
His saying, the Exalted: "When their brother Salih said to them: 'Will you not fear Allah? I am to you a trustworthy messenger.'"
15842 - Yunus ibn 'Abd al-A'la informed us by way of reading, [saying]: Ibn Wahb announced, [saying]: Salamah ibn 'Ali informed me, from Sa'id ibn Bashir, from Qatadah: That Salih was sent from al-Hijr.
15843 - Muhammad ibn 'Ammar ibn al-Harith narrated to us, [saying]: Sahl ibn Bakkar narrated to us, [saying]: Dawud ibn Abi al-Furat narrated to us, from 'Alba' ibn Ahmar, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas: That Salih the Prophet, peace be upon him, was sent by Allah to his people, and they believed in him. Then he died, so they returned after him from Islam. Then Allah revived him and sent him to them, and he informed them that he was Salih, but they denied him and said: "Salih has died, so show us a sign if you are of the truthful ones." He asked Allah to bring them a sign, so Allah brought them the she-camel. Then they disbelieved in him and hamstrung her, so Allah destroyed them.
قوله تعالى إن في ذلك لآية- إلى: الرحيم
تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهُ
[قوله: كذبت ثمود المرسلين]
١٥٨٤١ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ ابن الْفَضْلِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَهْلَكَ اللَّهُ عَادًا وَانْقَضَى أَمْرُهُمَا عُمِّرَتْ ثَمُودُ بَعْدَهَا فَاسْتُخْلِفُوا فِي الأَرْضِ، فَرَبَلُوا فِيهَا وَانْتَشَرُوا ثُمَّ عَتَوْا عَلَى اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا ظَهَرَ فَسَادُهُمْ وَعَبَدُوا غَيْرَ اللَّهِ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ صَالِحًا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا عُرُبًا وَهُوَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِهِمْ نَسَبًا وَأَفْضَلِهِمْ مَوْضِعًا رَسُولًا، وَكَانَتْ مَنَازِلُهُمُ الْحِجْرُ إِلَى قُزَحٍ وَهُوَ وَادِي الْقُرَى وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ مِيلا فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْحِجَازِ وَالشَّامِ فَبَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ غُلامًا شَابًّا فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ حَتَّى شَمِطَ وَكَبِرَ لَا يَتْبَعُهُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلا قَلِيلٌ مُسْتَضْعَفُونَ فَلَمَّا أَلَحَّ عَلَيْهِمْ صَالِحٌ بِالدُّعَاءِ وَأَكْثَرَ لَهُمُ التَّحْذِيرَ وَخَوَّفَهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ بِالْعَذَابِ وَالنِّقْمَةِ.
سَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يُرِيَهُمُ آيَةً تَكُونُ مِصْدَاقًا لِمَا يَقُولُ فِيمَا يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: أَيِّ آيَةٍ تُرِيدُونَ فَقَالُوا تَخْرُجُ مَعَنَا إِلَى عِيدِنَا هَذَا وَكَانَ لَهُمْ عِيدٌ يَخْرُجُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِأَصْنَامِهِمْ وَمَا يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فِي يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ مِنَ السَّنَةِ، فَتَدْعُوا إِلَهَكَ وندعوا آلِهَتَنَا فَإِنِ اسْتُجِيبَ لَكَ اتَّبَعْنَاكَ، وَإِنِ اسْتُجِيبَ لَنَا اتَّبَعْتَنَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ صَالِحٌ: نَعَمْ فَخَرَجُوا بِأَوْثَانِهِمْ إِلَى عِيدِهِمْ ذَلِكَ، وَخَرَجَ صَالِحٌ مَعَهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَدَعُوا أَوْثَانَهُمْ وَسَأَلُوهَا بِأَنْ لَا يُسْتَجَابَ لِصَالِحٍ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا يُدْعَوْا بِهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَخُوهُمْ صَالِحٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ إِنَّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
١٥٨٤٢ - أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى قِرَاءَةً أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ: أَنَّ صَالِحًا بُعِثَ مِنَ الْحِجْرِ.
١٥٨٤٣ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمَّارِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ، ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْفُرَاتِ، عَنْ عَلبَاءِ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ صَالِحً النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَآمَنُوا بِهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ مَاتَ فَرَجَعُوا بَعْدَهُ، عَنِ الإِسْلامِ فَأَحْيَاهُ اللَّهُ فَبَعَثَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ صَالِحٌ فَكَذَّبُوهُ وَقَالُوا: قَدْ مَاتَ صَالِحٌ فَاتِنًا بِآيَةٍ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ فَسَأَلَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ بِآيَةٍ فَأَتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ بِالنَّاقَةِ فَكَفَرُوا بِهِ وَعَقَرُوهَا فَأَهْلَكَهُمُ اللَّهُ.
