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حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 1 · صفحة 259فصل

الترجمة · EN

"None touches it except the purified" (1). And in the letter of the Prophet -may Allah bless him and grant him peace- to ‘Amr ibn Hazm (2): "That none shall touch the Qur’an except the pure (3)." This is a well-known book, narrated by Abu ‘Ubayd in "Fada’il al-Qur’an" and others, and it was narrated by al-Athram. As for the verse with which the Prophet -may Allah bless him and grant him peace- wrote, he only intended it for correspondence, and a verse in a letter, a book of jurisprudence, or the like does not prevent touching it, nor does the book become a Mushaf [copy of the Qur'an] through it, nor does its sanctity attach to it. When this is established, it is not permissible for him to touch it with any part of his body, because it is part of his body, so it is like his hand. Their statement that touching is exclusive to the inner part of the hand is not correct; for anything that meets something has touched it.

Section: It is permissible to carry it by its strap. This is the view of Abu Hanifah, and it is narrated from al-Hasan, ‘Ata’, Tawus, al-Sha‘bi, al-Qasim, Abu Wa’il (4), al-Hakam, and Hammad. Al-Awza‘i, Malik, and al-Shafi‘i prohibited it. Malik said: The best I have heard is that one should not carry the Mushaf by its strap or in its cover unless he is pure; this is not because it defiles it, but out of veneration for the Qur’an. They argued that he is a legally responsible person in a state of impurity intending to carry the Mushaf, so it is not permitted, just as if he were to carry it while touching it. Our argument is that he is not touching it, so he is not prohibited from it, just as if he were to carry it in his baggage. Also, the prohibition only covers touching, and carrying is not touching, so the prohibition does not cover it. Their analogy is invalid, for the cause [‘illah] in the original case is touching it, and this is not present in the derivative case [fur’], and carrying has no effect, so deducing based on it is not valid. Based on this, if he were to carry it by a strap or with a barrier between him and it that does not follow it in a sale, it would be permissible, for the reasons we have mentioned. According to them, it is not permissible. The rationale for both schools of thought is as previously stated.

الحواشي

(1) Surah al-Waqi‘ah: 79. See: Majmu‘ Fatawa Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah. (2) The grandfather of Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Amr ibn Hazm, who was introduced a moment ago. See the Prophet's letter to him in al-Sirah 4/595. (3) Narrated by al-Darimi in: The Chapter of No Divorce Before Marriage, from the Book of Divorce. Sunan al-Darimi 2/161. And by Imam Malik in: The Chapter on the Command of Wudu’ for One Who Touches the Qur’an, from the Book of the Qur’an. Al-Muwatta’ 1/199. (4) Abu Wa’il Shaqiq ibn Salamah al-Asadi al-Kufi. He lived during the time of the Prophet -may Allah bless him and grant him peace- but did not see him. He narrated from Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, ‘Uthman, ‘Ali, and a multitude of the Companions and Successors. He was trustworthy. Khalifah ibn Khayyat said: He died after the year of al-Jumajim in the year 82 AH. Al-Waqidi said: He died during the caliphate of ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz. Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 4/361-363.

العربية (المصدر)

الْمُطَهَّرُونَ} (١). وفى كتابِ النبيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لِعَمْرِو بن حَزْم (٢) "أن لا يَمَسَّ القرآنَ إلا طاهِرٌ (٣) ". وهو كتابٌ مشهورٌ، رَوَاه أبُو عبيد في "فضائلِ القرآنِ" وغيرِه، ورَوَاه الأَثْرَمُ، فأمَّا الآية التي كَتَب بها النبيُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- فإنَّما قَصَدَ بها المُرَاسَلَة، والآيةُ في الرِّسالةِ أو كتابِ فِقْهٍ أو نَحْوِه لا تَمْنَع مَسَّهُ، ولا يَصِيرُ الكتابُ بها مُصْحَفًا، ولا تَثْبُتُ له حُرْمَتُه، إذا ثَبَت هذا فإنَّه لا يَجُوزُ له مَسُّه بشيءٍ من جَسَدِه، لأنَّه مِنْ جَسَدِه، فأشْبَهَ يَدَه. وقَوْلُهم: إن المَسَّ إنَّمَا يَخْتَصُّ بباطِنِ اليَدِ؛ ليس بصَحِيحٍ؛ فإنَّ كُلَّ شيءٍ لَاقَى شَيْئًا فقد مَسَّهُ.

فصل: ويَجُوزُ حَمْلُه بِعِلَاقَتِهِ. وهذا قولُ أبى حَنِيفة، ورُوِىَ ذلك عن الحَسَنِ، وعَطَاء، وطَاوُس، والشَّعْبِىِّ، والقاسِمِ، وأبِى وائِلٍ (٤)، والحَكَم، وحَمَّاد، ومَنَع منه الأَوْزَاعِىُّ، ومالِك، والشّافِعِىُّ، قال مالِك: أَحْسَنُ ما سَمِعْتُ أنه لا يَحْمِلُ المُصْحَفَ بِعِلَاقَتِه ولا في غِلَافِهِ إلَّا وهو طاهِرٌ؛ وليس ذلك لأنَّه يُدَنِّسه، ولكن تَعْظِيمًا للقُرآنِ. واحْتَجُّوا بأنّه مُكلَّفٌ مُحْدِثٌ قاصدٌ لِحَمْلِ المُصْحَفِ، فلم يَجُزْ, كما لو حَمَلَه مع مَسِّهِ. ولنا: أنَّه غيرُ مَاسٍّ له، فلم يُمْنَعْ منه، كما لَوْ حَمَلَه في رَحْلِهِ، ولأنَّ النَّهْىَ إنَّما يتناوَلُ المَسّ، والحَمْلُ ليس بِمَسٍّ، فلم يتناوَلْه النَّهْىُ، وقِياسُهم فاسِدٌ؛ فإنَّ العِلَّةَ في الأصْلِ مَسُّهُ، وهو غيرُ مَوْجُودٍ في الفَرْعِ، والحَمْلُ لا أثرَ له، فلا يَصِحُّ التَّعْلِيلُ به. وعلَى هذا لو حَمَلَه بِعِلَاقةٍ أو بحائِلٍ بينَه وبينَه مِمَّا لا يَتْبَعُه في البَيْعِ، جازَ؛ لما ذَكَرْنا. وعِندَهم لا يَجُوزُ. ووَجْهُ المَذْهَبَيْن ما تَقَدَّم.

الحواشي

(١) سورة الواقعة ٧٩.وانظر: مجموعة فتاوى شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية.(٢) جد أبي بكر بن محمد بن عمرو بن حزم، الذي تقدم التعريف به منذ قليل وانظر لكتاب النبي -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- له السيرة ٤/ ٥٩٥.(٣) أخرجه الدارمي، في: باب لا طلاق قبل نكاح، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن الدارمي ٢/ ١٦١. والإمام مالك، في: باب الأمر بالوضوء لمن مسَّ القرآن، من كتاب القرآن. الموطأ ١/ ١٩٩.(٤) أبو وائل شقيق بن سلمة الأسدى الكوفى، أدرك النبي -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- ولم يره، وروى عن أبي بكر وعمر وعثمان وعلى وخلق من الصحابة والتابعين، ثقة، قال خليفة بن خياط: مات بعد الجماجم سنة اثنتين وثمانين. وقال الواقدى: مات في خلافة عمر بن عبد العزيز. تهذيب التهذيب ٤/ ٣٦١ - ٣٦٣.

السابقمجلد 1 · صفحة 259التالي
السابق1·259التالي