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حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 1 · صفحة 348فصل

الترجمة · EN

is more appropriate, because it is a ghusl in which order is not obligatory, so sequence is not obligatory, just like washing away impurities. If one performs ghusl but misses the limbs of his wudu, order is not obligatory for those limbs because the ruling of the Janaba remains. Ibn 'Aqil and al-Amidi said regarding one who washed his entire body except for his feet, then broke his state of purity (hadath): Order is obligatory for the three limbs because they are uniquely affected by the minor hadath, but order is not obligatory for the feet because the two hadaths are combined in them.

Section: According to this, the obligations of ghusl are two things and nothing else: the intention and washing the entire body. As for the Basmalah (saying "Bismillah"), its ruling is the same as the ruling of the Basmalah in wudu, as previously discussed. In fact, its ruling in the case of Janaba is even lighter, because the hadith regarding the Basmalah explicitly addresses wudu only.

Section: If two things that require ghusl coincide, such as menstruation and Janaba, or the meeting of the two circumcised parts (intercourse) and emission, and one intends both with his purification, it suffices for both. This is stated by most scholars, among them 'Ata', Abu al-Zinad, Rabi'ah, Malik, al-Shafi'i, Ishaq, and the People of Opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). It is narrated from al-Hasan and al-Nakha'i, regarding a menstruating woman who is also in a state of Janaba, that she should perform two ghusls. Our evidence is that the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not perform more than one ghusl after sexual intercourse, and it encompasses two things, as it is associated with emission in most cases. Furthermore, they are two causes that require ghusl, so one ghusl suffices for both, like a hadath and impurities. The same ruling applies if multiple acts occur that require minor purification, such as sleeping, the exit of impurities, or touching; if one intends them with his purification, or intends the removal of hadath, or the permissibility of prayer, it suffices for all of them. If one intends only one of them, or a woman intends [the ghusl for] menstruation but not Janaba, does it suffice for the other? There are two views: one is that it suffices for the other because it is a valid ghusl for which the obligatory act was intended, so it suffices, just as if he had intended the permissibility of prayer. The second is that it suffices only for what he intended and not for what he did not intend, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Verily, every person shall have what he intended." Likewise, if one performs ghusl for Friday prayer, does it suffice for Janaba? There are two views, the reasoning for which has already passed.

Section: If a spot remains on his body that water did not reach, it is narrated from Ahmad that he was asked about

العربية (المصدر)

أَوْلَى؛ لأنَّه غُسْلٌ لا يَجِبُ فيه التَّرْتِيبُ، فلا تَجِبُ المُوَالَاةُ، كَغَسْلِ النَّجَاسَةِ. فلو اغْتَسَلَ إلَّا أَعْضَاءَ وُضُوئِه، لم يَجِب التَّرْتِيبُ فيها؛ لأَنَّ حُكْمَ الجَنَابَةِ باقٍ. وقال بنُ عَقِيلٍ، والآمِدِيُّ، فِيمَنْ غَسَلَ جَمِيعَ بَدَنِه إلَّا رِجْلَيْه، ثم أَحْدَثَ: يَجِبُ التَّرْتِيبُ في الأَعْضَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةِ؛ لانْفِرَادِها بالحَدَثِ الأَصْغَرِ، ولا يَجِبُ التَّرْتِيبُ في الرِّجْلَيْنِ؛ لاجْتِمَاعِ الحَدَثَيْن فيهما.

فصل: فعلى هذا تكونُ وَاجِبَاتُ الغُسْلِ شَيْئَيْنِ لا غَيْرُ؛ النِّيَّةُ، وغَسْلُ جَمِيعِ البَدَنِ، فأَمَّا التَّسْمِيَةُ فَحُكْمُها حُكْمُ التَّسْمِيَةِ في الوضوءِ على ما مَضَى، بل حُكْمُها في الجَنَابَةِ أَخَفُّ؛ لأَنَّ حَدِيثَ التَّسْمِيَةِ إنَّمَا تَنَاوَلَ بصَريحِهِ الوضوءَ لا غيرُ.

فصل: إذا اجْتَمَعَ شيئان يُوجِبَانِ الغُسْلَ، كالحَيْضِ والجَنَابَةِ، أو الْتِقَاءِ الخِتَانَيْنِ والإِنْزَالِ، فنوَاهُما بطَهَارَتِه، أَجْزَأَهُ عنهما. قالهُ أكثرُ أهْلِ العِلْمِ؛ منهم عَطَاء، وأبو الزِّناد، ورَبِيعةُ، ومَالِكٌ، والشَّافِعِيُّ، وإسْحَاق، وأَصْحابُ الرَّأْيِ. ويُرْوَى عَن الحسنِ، والنَّخَعِيِّ، في الحَائِضِ الجُنُبِ، تَغْتَسِلُ غُسْلَيْنِ. ولنا، أنَّ النَّبِيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لم يكن يَغْتَسِلُ مِن الجماع إلَّا غُسْلًا واحدًا، وهو يَتَضَمَّنُ شيئين، إذْ هو لَازِمٌ للإِنْزَالِ في غالِبِ الأحوالِ، ولأنَّهما سَبَبان يُوجِبَان الغُسْلَ، فأَجْزَأَ الغُسْلُ الوَاحِدُ عنهما، كالحَدَثِ والنَّجَاسَةِ. وهكذا الحُكْمُ إن اجْتَمَعَتْ أَحْدَاثٌ تُوجِبُ الطَّهَارَةَ الصُغْرَى؛ كالنَّوْمِ، وخُرُوجِ النَّجَاسَةِ، واللَّمْسِ، فنواها بطَهارَتِه أو نَوَى رَفْعَ الحَدَثِ، أو اسْتِبَاحةَ الصَّلَاةِ، أجْزَأَهُ عن الجَمِيعِ. وإنْ نَوَى أحدَها، أو نَوَتِ المَرْأةُ الحَيْضَ دُونَ الجنابةِ، فهل تُجْزِئُه عن الآخَرِ؟ على وَجْهَيْنِ: أحدهما تُجْزِئُه عن الآخَر؛ لأَنَّه غُسْلٌ صَحِيحٌ نَوَى به الفَرْضَ، فأجْزَأَه، كما لو نَوَى اسْتِبَاحَةَ الصَّلَاةِ. والثاني تُجْزِئُه عَمَّا نَوَاهُ دون ما لم يَنْوِهِ؛ لِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "إنَّما لِكُلِّ امْرِىءٍ مَا نَوَى". وكذلك لو اغْتَسَلَ للجُمُعَةِ، هل تُجْزِئُه عَن الجَنابةِ؟ على وَجْهَيْن، مَضَى تَوْجِيهُهما فيما مَضَى.

فصل: إذا بَقِيَتْ لُمْعَةٌ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ لم يُصِبْها الماءُ، فَرُوِيَ عَنْ أحمدَ أنَّه سُئِلَ عن

السابقمجلد 1 · صفحة 348التالي
السابق1·348التالي