73 - Issue: He said: "And when he performs tayammum, he shall pray the prayer whose time has arrived, and he may pray by it [the same tayammum] missed prayers (fawa'it), if he has any, and supererogatory prayers (tatawwu') until the time for another prayer enters."

The school of thought (madhhab) holds that tayammum is invalidated by the departure of the time [of the prayer] and the entry of another. Perhaps Al-Khiraqi only linked its invalidation to the entry of the time of another prayer as a figurative expression, since the departure of the time of one prayer is concomitant with the entry of the time of another, except in one instance: the time of Fajr, which departs without the entry of the time of Dhuhr. Tayammum is invalidated by either of these, so it is not permissible to pray two prayers in two different times with it. This is narrated from Ali, Ibn Umar, Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them all), Al-Sha'bi, Al-Nakha'i, Qatadah, Yahya al-Ansari, Rabi'ah, Malik, Al-Shafi'i, Al-Layth, and Ishaq. Al-Maymuni narrated from Ahmad regarding the person who performs tayammum, saying: "It is more pleasing to me that he performs tayammum for every prayer, but the qiyas (analogical reasoning) is that it is in the position of ritual purity (tahara) until he finds water or breaks his state of purity, due to the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) regarding the one who is junub." He means the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "O Abu Dharr, the clean earth is the means of purification for the Muslim, even if he does not find water for ten years. So when you find water, then touch it to your skin." This is the school of thought of Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, Al-Hasan, Al-Zuhri, Al-Thawri, and the People of Opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). It is also narrated from Ibn Abbas and Abu Ja'far, because it is a ritual purity that renders prayer permissible, so it is not restricted by time, like water purification. As for our evidence, it is what Al-Harith narrated from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "Tayammum is for every prayer." And Ibn Umar said: "Perform tayammum for every prayer." And because it is a purity of necessity, it is restricted by time, like the purity of a woman in a state of istihada (chronic vaginal bleeding), whereas water purity is not for necessity, unlike our issue. The hadith [Abu Dharr's] meant that it resembles wudu in permitting prayer, and it requires equality in all rulings. Once this is established, if he makes the intention...