it is permissible to wipe over it, like the sleeves. Our evidence is what was narrated from al-Mughira ibn Shu‘ba, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) performed wudu’ and wiped over his two khuffs and his turban. Al-Tirmidhi said: This is a hasan sahih hadith. And in Muslim: That the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) wiped over the two khuffs and the khimar (head covering). Ahmad said: It is from five aspects from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). Al-Khallal narrated, with his chain of transmission, from ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: Whoever is not purified by wiping over the turban, may Allah not purify him. And because it is a covering on a place where the Shari‘a has mandated wiping, it is permissible to wipe over it, like the two khuffs. And because the head is a limb whose obligation is dropped in tayammum, it is permissible to wipe over its covering, like the feet. The verse does not negate what we have mentioned, for the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) is the explainer of Allah’s speech and its interpreter, and the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) did wipe over the turban and commanded wiping over it, and this indicates that the intended meaning [of the verse] is wiping over the head or its covering. Among what makes this clear is that wiping, in most cases, does not directly touch the head; rather, one wipes over the hair, and it is a barrier between the hand and [the head], so it is the same with the turban, for it is said of the one who touched or kissed his turban: He kissed his head and touched it. Likewise, he commanded wiping the feet, and we have agreed upon the permissibility of wiping over their covering.