Section: If used water is combined with two qullahs of non-used water, the whole becomes pure and purifying; because if the used water were impure, the whole would still become pure and purifying; therefore, it is more appropriate for used water.
If it is added to an amount less than two qullahs, and the used water is abundant but does not reach the equivalent of two qullahs, it remains restricted. If it reaches two qullahs by being combined, the same applies, though it is possible that the restriction ceases due to the saying of the Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "When water reaches two qullahs, it does not carry impurity (25)."
If used water is added to used water and does not reach two qullahs, it remains restricted. If it reaches two qullahs, there are two opinions regarding it, based on what we have previously mentioned.
4 - Issue: He (the author) said: "And if the water is two qullahs, which is five qirabs (skins), and impurity falls into it such that no taste, color, or smell is found, then it is pure."
The qullah is the jar; it was called a qullah because it is lifted (tuqallu) by the hands, meaning it is carried. From this is the saying of the Almighty: "Until they have carried (aqallat) heavy clouds" (2). This name applies to both large and small containers, but what is meant here is two qullahs of the jars of Hajar (3), and they are five qirabs. Every qirab is one hundred Iraqi ratls, so the two qullahs are five hundred Iraqi ratls.
This is the apparent position of the madhhab according to our companions, and it is the school of al-Shafi'i; because it has been narrated from Ibn...
(24) In MS (m): "la-kana" (it would have been). (25) Narrated by Abu Dawud in the Chapter: What makes water impure, from the Book of Purification, Sunan Abi Dawud 1/15. Also by al-Tirmidhi in the Chapter: That water is not made impure by anything, from the Chapters on Purification, 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 1/85. Also by al-Nasa'i in the Chapter: Timing regarding water, from the Book of Purification and the Book of Waters, al-Mujtaba 1/42, 142. Also by Ibn Majah in the Chapter: The amount of water that does not become impure, from the Book of Purification, Sunan Ibn Majah 1/172. And by Imam Ahmad in the Musnad 2/12, 38. It is also found in Ibn Majah and Imam Ahmad in the Musnad 2/23, 27, 107: "When water reaches two qullahs, nothing makes it impure." (1) In MS (m): "aw" (or) is a distortion. (2) Surah al-A'raf 57. (3) Hajar: A city, which is the capital of Bahrain. Abu al-Hasan al-Mawardi said: What came in the Hadith is the mention of the Hajar jars. It is said that they used to be imported from Hajar to Medina, then that ceased and they became rare. It is also said that Hajar is a village near Medina, and others say that jars were made in Medina, each equivalent to the jars of Hajar. Mu'jam al-Buldan 4/953. Yaqut mentioned other places named Hajar.
فصل: إذا اجْتَمع ماءٌ مُستعمَلٌ إلى قُلَّتَيْنِ غيرِ مُسْتعمَلٍ صار الكلُّ طَهُورًا؛ لأنه لو كان المستعمَل نَجِسًا لصار (٢٤) الكلُّ طَهورًا، فالمستعمَل أَوْلَى.
وإن انْضَمَّ إلى ما دون القُلَّتَيْن وكثُرَ المسْتعمَل ولم يبلُغْ قُلَّتيْن منع، وإن بلَغ قُلّتَيْن باجتماعِه فكذلك، ويحْتَملُ أن يزولَ المنْعُ؛ لقَوْلِ النبيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "إذَا بَلَغَ الْمَاءُ قُلَّتَيْنِ لمْ يَحْمِلِ الْخَبَث (٢٥) ".
وإن انْضَمَّ مُستعمَلٌ إلى مستعمَلٍ ولم يبلُغِ القُلَّتَين فهو باقٍ على المَنْع، وإن بلَغ قُلَّتَيْن ففيه وجهان؛ لما ذكرْناه.
٤ - مسألة: قال: (وَإذَا كَانَ الْمَاءُ قُلَّتَيْن، وَهُوَ خَمْسُ قِرَبٍ، فَوَقَعَتْ فِيهِ نجَاسَةٌ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهَا طَعْمٌ وَلَا لَوْنٌ وَلَا رَائحَةٌ، فَهُوَ طَاهِرٌ).
والقُلَّةُ: هي الْجَرَّة، سُمِّيتْ قلة لأنها تُقَلُّ بالأيدى، أي (١) تُحْمَلُ، ومنه قولُه تعالى: {حَتَّى إِذَا أَقَلَّتْ سَحَابًا ثِقَالًا} (٢)، ويقَع هذا الاسمُ علَى الكبيرةِ والصغيرة، والمراد بها ها هنا قُلَّتان من قِلالِ هَجَرَ (٣)، وهما خمسُ قِرَبٍ، كلُّ قِرْبةٍ مائةُ رِطْلٍ بالعِرَاقيِّ، فتكون القُلَّتان خَمْسَمائة رطْلٍ بالعِرَاقيِّ.
هذا ظاهرُ المذهبِ عند أصحابِنا، وهو مذهبُ الشافعىِّ؛ لأنه رُوِىَ عن ابن
(٢٤) في م: "لكان".(٢٥) أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب ما ينجس من الماء، من كتاب الطهارة. سنن أبي داود ١/ ١٥. والترمذي، في: باب من أن الماء لا ينجسه شيء من أبواب الطهارة. عارضة الأحوذى ١/ ٨٥. والنسائي، في: باب التوقيت في الماء، من كتاب الطهارة، ومن كتاب المياه. المجتبى ١/ ٤٢، ١٤٢. وابن ماجه، في: باب مقدار الماء الذي لاينجس، من كتاب الطهارة. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ١٧٢. والإمام أحمد، في المسند ٢/ ١٢، ٣٨. وهو عند ابن ماجه والإمام أحمد في المسند ٢/ ٢٣، ٢٧، ١٠٧: "إذا كان الماء قلتين لم ينجسه شيء".(١) في م: "أو" تحريف.(٢) سورة الأعراف ٥٧.(٣) هجر: مدينة، وهى قاعدة البحرين، وقال أبو الحسن الماوردى: الذي جاء في الحديث ذكر القلال الهجرية، قيل: إنها كانت تجلب من هجر إلى المدينة، ثم انقطع ذلك فعدمت. وقيل: هجر قرية قرب المدينة، وقيل: بل عملت بالمدينة كل مثل قلال هجر. معجم البلدان ٤/ ٩٥٣. وذكر ياقوت مواضع أخرى سميت بهجر.
