as is the case with divorce, whereas the specified amount is completed by death while it is not completed by divorce. As for the dhimmi woman, she is separated by death, so the dower is completed for her just as it is for the Muslim woman, or as if he had specified it for her, and because the Muslim woman and the dhimmi woman do not differ regarding the dower in any other instance, so they should not differ here.
Section: His statement: "the dower of her peers." He means the dower of a woman like her among her relatives. Malik said: She is to be compared with one who is equal to her in beauty, wealth, and nobility, and it is not restricted to her relatives, because considerations of value only differ due to these factors, not the relatives themselves. Our evidence is his (Ibn Mas'ud's) statement in the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud: "She is entitled to the dower of her peers," and her peers are her relatives. As for what he mentioned, we also stipulate it, and we further stipulate that she must be among the female relatives, because they are the nearest to her. His statement that "this does not differ due to the difference of relatives" is incorrect; for a woman is sought after for her nobility, as stated in the tradition, and her nobility is specific to her relatives, so the dower increases or decreases because of it. It may be that a neighborhood or the people of a village have a custom regarding the dower and an established standard in which others do not participate, and they do not change it with the change of [personal] attributes, so consideration is given to that rather than other attributes. There is a difference of opinion narrated from Ahmad regarding who among her relatives is to be considered. He said, in a narration by Hanbal: She is entitled to the dower of her peers among her relatives from her father's side. Thus, he considered the female agnates exclusively, which is the school of al-Shafi'i. In a narration by Ishaq ibn Hani', he said: She is entitled to the dower of her peers, such as her mother, her sister, her paternal aunt, or her paternal cousin. Abu Bakr chose this, and it is the school of Abu Hanifah and Ibn Abi Layla, because they are among her female relatives. The first [view] is more appropriate, for it was narrated in the story of Barwa' that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ruled in the case of Barwa' bint Washiq with the dower of the women of her people. And because the nobility of a woman is considered in her dower.
(4) In A, B, and M: "her perfection." (5) In A: "to her relatives." (6) In the original, A, and B: "the interests" (or "accidents"). (7) Its documentation was previously mentioned in: 9/192. (8) In the original: "her peers." (9) In M: "her nobility."
بالطلاقِ وكمَلَ المُسَمَّى بالموتِ، ولم يَكْمَلْ بالطلاقِ، وأمَّا الذِّمِّيَّةُ فإنَّها مُفارِقةٌ بالموتِ، فكَمَلَ لها الصداقُ كالمُسْلِمةِ، أو كما لو سَمَّى لها، ولأن المُسْلِمةَ والذِّمِّيَّة لا يخْتلِفانِ فى الصَّداقِ فى موضعٍ، فيَجِبُ أن لا يَخْتَلِفَا ههُنا.
فصل: قوله: "مَهْرُ نِسائِها". يعنى مهرَ مثلِها من أقارِبِها. وقال مالكٌ: تُعْتبَرُ بمَنْ هى فى مثلِ جَمالِها (٤) ومالِها وشَرَفِها، ولا يَخْتَصُّ بأقْرِبائِها (٥)؛ لأنَّ الأعْواضَ (٦) إنَّما تختلفُ بذلك دُونَ الأقاربِ. ولَنا، قولُه فى حديثِ ابن مسعودٍ: لها مَهْرُ نِسائِها (٧). ونساؤها أقارِبُها. وما ذكَرَه فنحنُ نَشْتَرطُه، ونَشْتَرِطُ معه أن تكونَ من نِسَاءِ (٨) أقارِبها؛ لأنَّها أقْرَبُ إليهِنَّ. وقوله: لا يَخْتَلِفُ ذلك باختلافِ الأقارِب. لا يَصِحُّ؛ فإن المرأةَ تُطْلَب لِحَسَبِها (٩)، كما جاء فى الأثَرِ، وحَسَبُها يَخْتَصُّ به أقارِبُها، فيزْدادُ المهرُ لذلك ويَقِلُّ، وقد يكونُ الحىُّ وأهلُ القَرْيةِ لهم عادةٌ فى الصَّداقِ، ورَسْمٌ مُقَرَّرٌ، لا يُشاركهم فيه غيرُهم، ولا يُغَيِّرُونه بتَغَيُّرِ الصِّفاتِ، فيكونُ الاعتبارُ بذلك دُونَ سائرِ الصِّفاتِ. واخْتلَفتِ الرِّوايةُ عن أحمدَ، فى مَن يُعْتَبَرُ من أقارِبِها، فقال، فى رِوايةِ حَنْبَلٍ: لها مهرُ مِثْلِها من نسائِها من قِبَلِ أبِيها. فاعْتَبَرها بنساءِ العَصَباتِ خاصَّة. وهذا مذهبُ الشافعىِّ. وقال، فى روايةِ إسحاقَ بن هانئ: لها مهرُ نسائِها، مثل أُمِّها أو أخْتِها أو عَمّتِها أو بنتِ عَمِّها. اخْتارَه أبو بكرٍ. وهو مذهبُ أبى حنيفة، وابنِ أبى ليلى؛ لأنَّهُنَّ من نِسائها. والأُولَى أوْلَى؛ فإنَّه قد رُوِىَ فى قِصّةِ بَرْوَع، أنَّ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قَضَى فى بَرْوَعَ بنتِ واشقٍ بمثلِ مَهْرِ نِساءِ قَوْمِها (٧). ولأنَّ شَرَفَ المرأةِ مُعْتَبرٌ فى مَهْرِها،
(٤) فى أ، ب، م: "كمالها".(٥) فى أ: "بأقاربها".(٦) فى الأصل، أ، ب: "الأعراض".(٧) تقدم تخريجه فى: ٩/ ١٩٢.(٨) فى الأصل: "نسائها".(٩) فى م: "فحسبها".