Section: A woman is not obligated to serve her husband by kneading, baking, cooking, or the like. Ahmad explicitly stated this. Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Abu Ishaq al-Juzajani said that she is obligated to do so, and they argued based on the story of 'Ali and Fatima, as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) decreed that his daughter Fatima should perform the household tasks, while 'Ali should perform the work outside the house. Al-Juzajani reported this via various channels. Al-Juzajani said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "If I were to order anyone to prostrate to anyone, I would have ordered the woman to prostrate to her husband. If a man ordered his wife to move from a black mountain to a red one, or from a red mountain to a black one, it would be her duty to do so." He narrated it with his chain of transmission and said: If this is the command for his obedience in matters with no benefit, how much more so for the provisions of his livelihood? Moreover, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to command his wives to serve him, saying: "O 'Aisha, give us to drink; O 'Aisha, feed us; O 'Aisha, bring me the knife and sharpen it with a stone." It is also reported that Fatima came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) complaining about the labor she faced from the hand-mill and asked him for a servant to relieve her of that. We argue that the subject of the contract
(27) In [A], [B], and [M]: "min". (28) In the original, [B], and [M]: "wa-ihtajja". (29) Omitted from: [A], [B], and [M]. (30) Reported by Abu Nu'aym in al-Hilyah 6/104, from Damrah ibn Habib. (31) In [B] and [M]: "alayha". And "nawluha" means her right and what is incumbent upon her. (32) Reported by Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on the Husband's Right Over the Wife, from the Book of Marriage. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/595. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 4/381, 5/228, 6/76. (33) The wording: "O 'Aisha, feed us... O 'Aisha, give us to drink" was reported by Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad 5/426. The wording: "Bring me the knife and sharpen it with a stone" was reported by Muslim in: The Chapter on the Recommendation of Sacrifice and Slaughtering..., from the Book of Sacrifices. Sahih Muslim 3/1557. (34) Reported by al-Bukhari in: The Chapter on the Proof that the Fifth (al-Khums) is for the Necessities of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)..., from the Book of the Fifth; in: The Chapter on the Merits of 'Ali ibn Abi Talib..., from the Book of the Virtues of the Companions; in: The Chapter on the Work of a Woman in her Husband's House, from the Book of Maintenance; and in: The Chapter on Takbir and Tasbih Before Sleeping, from the Book of Invocations. Sahih al-Bukhari 4/102, 5/24, 7/84, 8/87. Also by Abu Dawud in: The Chapter on Tasbih Before Sleep, from the Book of Etiquette. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/609, 610. And by Imam Ahmad in: al-Musnad 1/136, 153.
فصل: وليس على المرأةِ خدمةُ زوجِها، فى (٢٧) العَجْنِ، والخَبْزِ، والطَّبْخِ، وأشباهِه. نصَّ عليه أحمدُ. وقال أبو بكرِ بنُ أبى شيبةَ، وأبو إسحاقٍ الجُوزَجَانىُّ: عليها ذلك. واحتجَّا (٢٨) بقِصَّةِ علىٍّ وفاطمةَ؛ فإنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قَضَى على ابنتِه فاطمةَ بخِدْمةِ البيتِ، وعَلَى علىٍّ ما كان خَارجًا مِنَ البيتِ مِن (٢٩) عَمَل. رَواه الجُوزَجَانىُّ مِن طُرُقٍ (٣٠). قال الجُوزَجَانىُّ: وقد قال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "لَوْ كُنْتُ آمِرًا أَحَدًا أَنْ يَسْجُدَ لِأَحَدٍ، لأَمَرْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا، وَلَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَمَرَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَنْ تَنْقُلَ مِنْ جَبَلٍ أَسْوَدَ إِلَى جَبَل أَحْمَرَ، أَوْ مِنْ جَبَلٍ أَحْمَرَ إِلَى جَبَلٍ أَسوَدَ، كَانَ نَوْلُها (٣١) أَنْ تَفْعَلَ". ورَواه بإسْنادِه (٣٢). قال: فهذه طاعتُه فيما لا منفعةَ فيه، فكيفَ بمُؤْنَةِ معاشِه؟ وقد كان النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- يأْمرُ نساءَه بخِدْمتِه. فقال: "يَا عَائِشَةُ اسْقِينَا، يَا عَائِشَةُ أَطْعِمِينَا، يَا عَائِشَةُ هَلُمِّى الشَّفْرَةَ، واشْحَذِيهَا بِحَجَرٍ" (٣٣). وقد رُوىَ أَنَّ فاطمةَ أتتْ رسولَ اللَّهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- تشْكُو إليه ما تلْقَى مِنَ الرَّحَى، وسألتْه خادمًا يكْفِيها ذلك (٣٤). ولَنا، أَنَّ المعقودَ عليه
(٢٧) فى أ، ب، م: "من".(٢٨) فى الأصل، ب، م: "واحتج".(٢٩) سقط من: أ، ب، م.(٣٠) وأخرجه أبو نعيم فى الحلية ٦/ ١٠٤. عن ضمرة بن حبيب.(٣١) فى ب، م: "عليها". ونولها: حقها والواجب عليها.(٣٢) وأخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب حق الزوج على المرأة، من كتاب النكاح. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٥٩٥. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٣٨١، ٥/ ٢٢٨، ٦/ ٧٦.(٣٣) لفظ: "يا عائشة أطعمينا. . . يا عائشة اسقينا". أخرجه الإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٥/ ٤٢٦. ولفظ: "هلمى المدية، واشحذيها بحجر". أخرجه ملم، فى: باب استحباب الضحية وذبحها. . .، من كتاب الأضاحى. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٥٥٧.(٣٤) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب الدليل على أن الخمس لنوائب رسول اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-. . .، من كتاب الخمس، وفى: باب مناقب على بن أبى طالب. . .، من كتاب فضائل الصحابة، وفى: باب عمل المرأة فى بيت زوجها، من كتاب النفقات، وفى: باب التكبير والتسبيح عند المنام، من كتاب الدعوات. صحيح البخارى ٤/ ١٠٢، ٥/ ٢٤، ٧/ ٨٤، ٨/ ٨٧. وأبو داود، فى: باب فى التسبيح عند النوم، من كتاب الأدب. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٦٠٩، ٦١٠. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ١/ ١٣٦، ١٥٣.
