"The night has grown long, and its side has darkened; it is long, for there is no intimate friend to frolic with.
By Allah, were it not for the fear of Allah alone, the sides of this bed would be stirred."
'Umar asked about her, and it was said to him: "This is so-and-so, whose husband is absent in the path of Allah." He sent a woman to be with her, and sent word to her husband, requiring him to return. Then he entered upon Hafsa and said: "O my daughter, how long can a woman endure the absence of her husband?" She replied: "Subhan Allah! One like you asks one like me about this?" He said: "Were it not that I wish to look after the affairs of the Muslims, I would not have asked you." She said: "Five months, six months." So he set a limit for the people in their military expeditions of six months: they travel for a month, stay for four, and travel for a month on their way back. Ahmad was asked: "How long may a man be absent from his family?" He said: "It is reported as six months." Sometimes a man may be absent for longer than that for a matter (31) that is necessary for him. If he is absent for longer than that without an excuse, some of our scholars said: "The judge shall write to him, and if he refuses to come, he shall annul his marriage." And whoever says that his marriage is not annulled if he abandons intercourse while he is present, then this situation is more deserving of such a ruling. In all of these cases, annulment is not permitted according to those who deem it valid, except by the decree of a judge, because it is a matter of disagreement.
Section: Ahmad was asked: "Is a man rewarded for having intercourse with his wife when he has no sexual desire?" He said: "Yes, by Allah, he seeks the reward for offspring." "And what if he does not want offspring?" He says: "This is a young woman, why would he not be rewarded?" This is correct, for Abu Dharr narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Your intercourse with your spouse is a charity." I said: "O Messenger of Allah, we fulfill our desire and are rewarded for it?" He said: "Do you see that if he were to place it in a forbidden way, he would incur a sin?" I said: "Yes." He said: "So do you seek reward for the bad deed, but do not seek reward for the good one?" (32) And because it is a means toward having children, shielding himself and his wife, lowering his gaze, and attaining tranquility.
= And Ibn al-Subki mentioned it in the introduction of al-Tabaqat and said: "It is not in any of the six books." Tabaqat al-Shafi'iyyah al-Kubra 1/284. (31) Omitted from the original. (32) In the margin of A: "bi-al-hasanah" (with the good deed). The hadith was narrated by Muslim in: 'Chapter: Clarification that the name of charity applies to every type of good deed,' from the Book of Zakat, Sahih Muslim 2/697, 698; and Abu Dawud in: 'Chapter: Regarding removing harm from the path,' from the Book of Etiquette, Sunan Abi Dawud 2/651, 652; and Imam Ahmad in: al-Musnad 5/154, 167, 178.
تطَاوَلَ هذا اللَّيْلُ واسْوَدَّ جانِبُهْ ... وطالَ على أَنْ لا خَليلَ أُلاعِبُهْ
وَواللَّهِ لولا خَشْيَةُ اللَّهِ وحدَه ... لَحُرِّكَ مِن هذا السَّرِيرِ جَوانِبُهْ
فسأل عنها عمرُ، فقيل له: هذه فلانةٌ، زوجُها غائبٌ فى سبيلِ اللَّهِ. فأرسلَ إليها امرأةً تكونُ معَها، وبعثَ إلى زَوْجِها فأقْفَلَه، ثمَّ دخلَ على حَفْصةَ، فقال: يا بُنَيَّةُ، كم تصْبِرُ المرأةُ عن زوجِها؟ فقالت: سبحانَ اللَّهِ، مِثْلُك يسألُ مِثْلِى عن هذا! فقال: لولا أنِّى أُرِيدُ النَّظَرَ للمسلمين ما سألتُك. قالتْ: خمسة أشْهُرٍ، ستَّة أشْهُرٍ. فوقَّتَ للنَّاسِ فى مَغازيهم ستَّةَ أشْهُرٍ؛ يَسِيرون شهرًا، ويُقيمونَ أربعةً، ويَسِيرونَ شهرًا راجعينَ. وسُئلَ أحمدُ: كم للرَّجلِ أَنْ يَغِيبَ عن أهلِه؟ قال: يُرْوَى ستَّةُ أشهرٍ. وقد يَغِيبُ الرَّجلُ اكثرَ من ذلك لأمرٍ (٣١) لابُدَّ له، فإنَّ غابَ أكْثرَ من ذلك لغيرِ عُذْرٍ، فقالَ بعضُ أصحابِنا: يُراسِلُه الحاكمُ، فإنْ أَبَى أَنْ يَقْدَمَ، فَسَخَ نِكاحَه. ومَن قال: لا يُفْسَخُ نِكاحُه إذا تَرَكَ الوَطْءَ وهو حاضرٌ، فههُنا أوْلى. وفى جميعِ ذلك، لا يجوزُ الفَسْخُ عندَ مَن يَراهُ إلَّا بحُكْمِ حاكمٍ؛ لأنَّه مُخْتلَفٌ فيه.
فصل: وسُئلَ أحمدُ: يُؤْجَرُ الرجلُ أن يَأْتِىَ أهلَه وليس له شَهْوةٌ؟ فقال: إى واللَّهِ، يَحْتسِبُ الولَدَ. وإن يُردِ الولدَ؟ يقول: هذه امرأةٌ شابَّةٌ، لِمَ لا يُؤْجَرُ؟ وهذا صحيحٌ، فإنَّ أبا ذَرٍّ رَوَى، أَنَّ رسولَ اللَّهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "مُبَاضَعَتُكَ أَهْلَكَ صَدَقَةٌ"، قلتُ: يا رسولَ اللَّهِ أنُصِيبُ شَهْوتَنا ونُؤْجَرُ؟ قال: "أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ وَضَعَهُ فِى غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ، كَانَ عَلَيْهِ وِزْرٌ؟ " قال: قلتُ: بلى. قال: "أَفَتَحْتَسِبُونَ بِالسيِّئَةِ، وَلَا تَحْتَسِبُونَ بِالْخَيْرِ" (٣٢). ولأنَّه وَسِيلةٌ إلى الولدِ، وإعْفافِ نفسِه وامرأتِه، وغَضِّ بصرِه، وسُكونِ
= وذكره ابن السبكى، فى مقدمة الطبقات، وقال: ليس فى شىء من الكتب الستة. طبقات الشافعية الكبرى ١/ ٢٨٤.(٣١) سقط من: الأصل.(٣٢) فى حاشية أ: "بالحسنة". والحديث أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب بيان أن اسم الصدقة يقع عل كل نوع من المعروف، من كتاب الزكاة. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ٦٩٧، ٦٩٨. وأبو داود، فى: باب فى إماطة الأذى عن الطريق، من كتاب الأدب. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٦٥١، ٦٥٢. والإِمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٥/ ١٥٤، ١٦٧، ١٧٨.