1232- Issue (1); He said: (And if the woman is hateful towards the man, and dislikes to deny him what she would be sinful for denying him, there is no harm in her ransoming herself from him.)
The entirety of the matter is that when a woman dislikes her husband, due to his physical appearance, his character, his religion, his old age, his weakness, or anything similar, and she fears that she will not fulfill the right of Allah, the Exalted, in obeying him, it is permissible for her to seek Khul' (divorce initiated by the wife) for a compensation [2] by which she ransoms herself from him, due to the saying of Allah, the Exalted: {But if you fear that they will not maintain the bounds of Allah, then there is no sin upon them in that which she ransoms herself with} [3]. It is narrated that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out for the Morning prayer and found Habibah bint Sahl at his door in the darkness. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "What is your affair?" She said: "Neither I nor Thabit [can live together]," referring to her husband. When Thabit came, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to him: "This is Habibah bint Sahl, and she has mentioned [4] what Allah has willed for her to mention." Habibah said: "O Messenger of Allah, everything he gave me is with me." The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to Thabit ibn Qays: "Take from her." So he took from her, and she remained among her family. This is a sound (Sahih) Hadith with an established chain of narration, reported by the Imams Malik, Ahmad, and others [5]. In a narration by Al-Bukhari, he said: The wife of Thabit ibn Qays came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I do not find fault with Thabit regarding his religion or character, but I fear Kufr (unbelief)." The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "Will you return his garden to him?" She said: "Yes." So she returned it to him [6].
(1) Before this issue, a heading appeared in B and M: "Book of Khul'". It previously appeared on page 220, under the heading: "Book of Women's Conduct and Khul'". (2) In A: "for a compensation". (3) Surah Al-Baqarah 229. (4) In B and M: "has already mentioned". (5) Reported by Imam Malik in: The Chapter on what has been narrated regarding Khul', from the Book of Divorce, Al-Muwatta 2/564; and Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 4/3; and Al-Bukhari in: The Chapter on Khul' and how divorce occurs within it, from the Book of Divorce, Sahih Al-Bukhari 7/60; and Abu Dawood in: The Chapter on Khul', from the Book of Divorce, Sunan Abi Dawood 1/516; and An-Nasa'i in: The Chapter on what has been narrated regarding Khul', from the Book of Divorce, Al-Mujtaba 6/138, 139; and Ibn Majah in: The Chapter on the Khul' woman who takes back what she gave him, from the Book of Divorce, Sunan Ibn Majah 1/663; and Ad-Darimi in: The Chapter on Khul', Sunan Ad-Darimi 2/163. (6) In the original and A: "returned".
١٢٣٢ - مسألة (١)؛ قال: (وَالْمَرْأَةُ إِذَا كَانَتْ مُبْغِضَةً لِلرَّجُلِ، وَتَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَمْنَعَهُ مَا تَكُونُ عَاصِيَةً بِمَنْعِهِ فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تَفْتَدِىَ نَفْسَهَا مِنْهُ)
وجملةُ الأمرِ أَنَّ المرأةَ إذا كرِهتْ زوجَها، لخَلْقِه، أو خُلُقِه، أو دينِه، أو كِبَرِه، أو ضَعْفِه، أو نحوِ ذلك، وخَشِيَتْ أن لا تُؤدِّىَ حقَّ اللَّهِ تعالى فى طاعتِه، جازَ لها أن تُخالِعَه بِعِوَضٍ (٢) تَفْتَدِى به نفسَها منه؛ لقولِ اللَّه تعالى {فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ} (٣). ورُوِىَ أَنَّ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، خرجَ إلى الصُّبْحِ، فوجدَ حَبِيبَةَ بنتَ سَهْلٍ عندَ بابِه فى الغلَسِ، فقال رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "مَا شَأْنُكِ؟ ". قالت: لا أنا ولا ثابِتٌ. لزَوجها، فلمَّا جاء ثابتٌ، قال له رسولُ اللَّهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "هَذِهِ حَبيبَةُ بِنتُ سَهْلٍ، فَذَكَرَتْ (٤) مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تَذْكُرَ". وقالت حبيبةُ: يا رسولَ اللَّهِ، كلُّ ما أعْطانى عِندِى. فقال رسولُ اللَّهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لثابِتِ بنِ قَيْسٍ: "خُذْ مِنهَا". فأخذَ منها، وجلَستْ فى أهلِها. وهذا حديثٌ صحيحٌ، ثابتُ الإِسنادِ، روَاه الأئمَّةُ مالكٌ وأحمدُ وغيرُهُمَا (٥)، وفى روايةِ البُخارِىِّ، قال: جاءت امرأةُ ثابتِ بنِ قيسٍ إلى النَّبىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فقالت: يا رسولَ اللَّه، ما أنْقِمُ على ثابتٍ فى دِينٍ ولا خُلُقٍ، إلَّا أنِّى أخافُ الكُفْرَ. فقال رسولُ اللَّهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "أَتَرُدِّيْنَ عَلَيْهِ حَدِيقَتَهُ؟ " قالت: نعم. فردَّتْها (٦)
(١) قبل هذه المسألة ورد فى ب، م عنوان: "كتاب الخلع". وسبق فى صفحة ٢٢٠. عنوان: "كتاب عشرة النساء والخلع".(٢) فى أ: "على عوض".(٣) سورة البقرة ٢٢٩.(٤) فى ب، م: "قد ذكرت".(٥) أخرجه الإِمام مالك، فى: باب ما جاء فى الخلع، من كتاب الطلاق. الموطأ ٢/ ٥٦٤. والإِمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٣. والبخارى، فى: باب الخلع وكيف الطلاق فيه، من كتاب الطلاق. صحيح البخارى ٧/ ٦٠. وأبو داود، فى: باب فى الخلع، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٥١٦. والنسائى، فى: باب ما جاء فى الخلع، من كتاب الطلاق. المجتبى ٦/ ١٣٨، ١٣٩. وابن ماجه، فى: باب المختلعة تأخذ ما أعطاها، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٦٦٣. والدارمى، فى: باب فى الخلع، سنن الدارمى ٢/ ١٦٣.(٦) فى الأصل، أ: "فردت".
