Among them are those who say: One divorce occurs upon her immediately, and if he takes her back, another divorce occurs upon her, and she remains with him upon another. I do not approve of this opinion of theirs. It is possible that Ahmad made all three occur because, in his view, that is Sunnah. It is also possible that he made them occur because he described the three with that which is not applicable to them, so he voided the attribute and made the divorce occur, just as if he had said to a menstruating woman: You are divorced immediately according to the Sunnah. He has indeed said, in the narration of Abu al-Harith, that which indicates this; he said: The three occur upon her, and there is no meaning to his saying: according to the Sunnah. Abu Hanifah said: One divorce occurs in every menstrual cycle (qur'), and if she is one of those whose periods are counted by months, one divorce occurs in every month. He based this on his principle that the Sunnah is the separation of the three over the periods of purity, and we have explained that this falls under the ruling of gathering the three. If (3) he says: I meant by my statement: according to the Sunnah, the occurrence of one immediately, and two in two other marriages, it is accepted from him. If he says: I meant that one divorce should occur in every menstrual cycle, it is also accepted; because it is the school of thought of a group of scholars, and a tradition (athar) has been reported regarding it, so it is not far-fetched that he meant it. Our companions said: He is believed (yudayyan) (4). Is it accepted in the legal ruling (hukm)? There are two views: one of them is that it is not accepted; because that is not a Sunnah. The second is that it is accepted; because of what we have previously mentioned. If she was in a time of innovation, and he said: My tongue slipped to [saying: according to the Sunnah] (5), and I did not intend it; I only intended the occurrence immediately, it occurs immediately; because he is the master of causing it, so if he confesses to what causes it, it is accepted from him.
Section: If he says: You are divorced three times, some of them according to the Sunnah, and some of them according to the innovation, she is divorced immediately by two, and the third is delayed until the other state (6); because he equated the two states, and the apparent meaning requires that they be equal. Thus, one and a half divorces occur immediately, then the half is completed; because divorce is not divisible, so two divorces occur. It is possible that one divorce occurs, and two are delayed until the other state; because the "some" (ba'd) applies to less than the whole, and it covers the small amount of that and the large amount, so the least... (continues in next section).
(3) In A, B, and M: "fa-in" (if). (4) Meaning: he is believed privately. (5) In B and M: "qawl al-sunnah" (the statement of the Sunnah). (6) Omitted from B and M.
فمنهم مَن يقولُ: يَقَعُ عليها السَّاعةَ واحدةٌ، فلو راجعَها تَقعُ عليها تَطْليقةٌ أُخْرَى، وتكونُ عندَه على أُخْرَى. وما يُعْجبُنى قولُهم هذا. فيَحْتمِلُ أَنَّ أحمدَ أوقعَ الثَّلاثَ؛ لأنَّ ذلك عندَه سُنَّةٌ، ويَحْتَمِلُ أنَّه أوْقعَها لوَصْفِه الثَّلاثَ بما لا تَتَّصِفُ به، فألْغَى الصِّفةَ، وأوْقعَ الطَّلاقَ، كما لو قال لحائضٍ: أنت طالقٌ فى الحالِ للسُّنَّةِ. وقد قال، فى روايةِ أبى الحارثِ، ما يَدلُّ على هذا، قال: يَقَعُ عليها الثَّلاثُ، ولا معنى لقولِه: للسُّنَّةِ. وقال أبو حنيفة: يقَعُ فى كَلِّ قَرْءٍ طَلْقةٌ، وإن كانت من ذواتِ الأشْهُرِ وقعَ فى كلِّ شهرٍ طلقةٌ. وبَناهُ على أصْلِه فى أنَّ السُّنَّةَ تَفْريقُ الثَّلاثِ عل الأطْهارِ، وقد بَيَّنَّا أنَّ ذلك فى حُكمِ جَمْعِ الثَّلاثِ. وإن (٣) قال: أرَدْتُ بقَوْلِى: للسُّنَّةِ إيقاعَ واحدةٍ فى الحالِ، واثْنتَيْن فى نكاحَيْنِ آخَرَيْنِ. قُبِلَ منه، وإن قال: أرَدْتُ أن يقَعَ فى كُل قَرْءٍ طَلْقةٌ. قُبِلَ أيضًا؛ لأنَّه مذهبُ طائفةٍ من أهلِ العلمِ، وقد وردَ به الأثرُ، فلا يَبْعُدُ أن يُريدَه. وقال أصحابُنا: يَدِينُ (٤). وهل يُقبَلُ فى الحُكمِ؟ على وَجْهينِ؛ أحدهما، لا يُقبَلُ؛ لأنَّ ذلك ليس بِسُنَّةٍ. والثانى، يُقْبَلُ؛ لما قدَّمْنا. فإن كانت فى زمنِ البِدْعةِ، فقال: سبَقَ لسانِى إلى [قَوْلِى: للسُّنَّةِ] (٥)، ولم أُرِدْه؛ وإنَّما أرَدْتُ الإيقاعَ فى الحالِ. وقعَ فى الحالِ؛ لأنَّه مالكٌ لإيقاعِها، فإذا اعْترفَ بما يُوقِعُها، قُبِلَ منه.
فصل: إذا قال: أنتِ طالقٌ ثلاثًا بعضُهنَّ للسُّنَّةِ، وبعضُهنَّ للبِدْعةِ. طَلُقَتْ فى الحالِ طَلْقتَيْنِ، وتأخَّرتِ الثَّالثةُ إلى الحالِ (٦) الأُخْرَى؛ لأنَّه سَوَّى بين الحالَينِ، فاقْتضَى الظَّاهرُ أن يكُونا سَواءً، فيقَعُ فى الحالِ طَلْقةٌ ونصفٌ، ثم يَكْمُلُ النِّصْفُ؛ لكَوْنِ الطَّلاقِ لا يَتَبَعَّضُ، فيقَعُ طَلْقتانِ. ويَحْتمِلُ أن تَقعَ طَلْقةٌ، وتتأخَّرَ اثْنَتانِ إلى الحالِ الأُخْرَى؛ لأنَّ البَعْضَ يَقَعُ على ما دونَ الكُلِّ، ويتنَاولُ القليلَ مِن ذلك والكثيرَ، فيقَعُ أقلُّ
(٣) فى أ، ب، م: "فإن".(٤) أى يقبل دِينًا.(٥) فى ب، م: "قول السنة".(٦) سقط من: ب، م.