it is thus an act of turning away, whereas sitting is the opposite. If she were sitting and then reclined, or reclined and then sat, it would not be void, because that does not nullify thought. If either of them becomes occupied with prayer, the choice is void. If she was in prayer and completed it, her choice is not void. If she added two more rak'ahs to it, her choice is void. If she ate a small amount, or said, 'In the name of Allah,' or performed a little tasbih, it is not void, because that is not an act of turning away. If she said, 'Call witnesses for me so that I may have them witness this,' her choice is not void. If she was riding and continued to travel, her choice is void. All of this is the position of the proponents of Ra'y (the Hanafi school).
Section: If he grants her the choice whenever she wishes, or for a duration, she has that right during that period. If he says, 'Choose whenever you wish,' or 'Whenever you want' [or 'Whenever you may want'], she has that right; because these expressions denote granting her the choice for all times. If he says, 'Choose today, tomorrow, and the day after tomorrow,' she has that right; if she rejects the choice on the first day, the whole of it is void. Similarly, if he says, 'Do not be hasty until you consult your parents,' and the like, she has the choice on a delayed basis; for the Prophet (peace be upon him) said that to Aisha, which proves that her choice does not become void by delay. If he says, 'Choose yourself today, and choose yourself tomorrow,' and she rejects it on the first day, it does not become void regarding the second. Abu Hanifah said: It does not become void in the first case either, because these are two choices at two different times, so one of them is not void by the rejection of the other, by analogy to the second case. Our evidence is that it is a single choice over a single duration, so if its beginning is void, what follows is void, just as if the choice were for a single day, like the choice of condition and the choice of the emancipated woman. We do not concede that they are two choices; rather, it is a single choice over two days, and it differs from when he says, 'Choose yourself today, and choose yourself tomorrow,' for those are two choices because each one is established by a separate cause. If he gave her the choice for a month, and she chose herself, then he married her again, she would have no choice against him, whereas according to Abu Hanifah, she has the choice. Our evidence is that she has fully utilized what was granted to her in this contract, so she has no claim in a second contract, just as if he had stipulated the choice regarding an item for a period, then canceled, and then bought it through another contract during that period.
(7) In the original: 'and she said' (wa-qalat). (8) Dropped from: the original.
فيَكونُ إِعْراضًا، والقُعُودَ بخلافِه. ولو كانت قاعدةً فاتَّكَأت، أو مُتَّكِئَةً فقَعَدَتْ، لم يَبْطُلْ؛ لأنَّ ذلك لا يُبطِلُ الفِكْرَةَ. وإن تشاغلَ أحدُهما بالصَّلاةِ، بَطَلَ الخيارُ. وإن كانت فى صَلاةٍ فأتمَّتْها، لم يَبْطُلْ خيارُها. وإن أضافَتْ إليها ركعتينِ أُخْرَيَيْنِ، بَطَلَ خيارُها. وإن أكلَتْ شيئًا يَسِيرًا، أو قالت (٧): بسمِ اللَّهِ. أو سبَّحَتْ شيئًا يسيرًا، لم يَبْطُل؛ لأنَّ ذلك ليس بإعْراضٍ. وإن قالت: ادْعُ لى شُهُودًا أُشْهِدُهم على ذلك. لم يَبْطُلْ خيارُها. وإن كانت راكبةً فسارتْ، بَطَلَ خيارُها. وهذا كلُّه قولُ أصْحابِ الرَّأْىِ.
فصل: فإن جَعلَ لها الخيارَ متى شاءَت، أو فى مُدَّةٍ، فلها ذلك فى تلك المُدَّةِ. وإذا قال: اخْتارِى إذا شئتِ، أو متى شئتِ، [أو متى ما شئتِ] (٨). فلها ذلك؛ لأنَّ هذه تُفِيدُ جَعْلَ الخيارِ لها فى عُمومِ الأوْقاتِ. وإن قال: اخْتارِى اليومَ وغدًا وبعدَ غدٍ. فلها ذلك، فإن رَدَّتِ الخيارَ فى الأوَّلِ، بَطَلَ كلُّه. وكذلك إن قال: لا تَعْجَلى حتى تَسْتَأْمِرِى أبوَيْك. ونحوَه، فلها الخيارُ على التَّراخِى؛ فإنَّ النَّبىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال ذلك لعائشةَ، فدَلَّ على أَنَّ خيارَها لا يَبْطُلُ بالتَّأْخيرِ. وإن قال: اخْتارِى نفسَك اليومَ، واخْتارِى نفسَك غدًا. فرَدَّتْه فى اليوم الأَوّلِ، لم يَبْطُلْ فى الثَّانى. وقال أبو حنيفةَ: لا يَبْطُلُ فى المسألةِ الأولَى أيضًا؛ لأنَّهما خِيَارانِ فى زمَنَيْنِ، فلم يَبْطُلْ أحدُهما بِرَدِّ الآخرِ، قياسًا على المسألةِ الثَّانيةِ. ولَنا، أنَّه خِيَارٌ واحدٌ، فى مُدَّةٍ واحدةٍ، فإذا بَطَلَ أوّلُه بَطَلَ ما بعدَه، كما لو كان الخيارُ فى يومٍ واحدٍ، كخيارِ الشَّرطِ وخيارِ المُعْتَقَةِ، ولا نُسَلِّمُ أنَّهما خيارانِ، وإنَّما هو خيارٌ واحدٌ فى يَوْمَيْنِ، وفارقَ ما إذا قال: اخْتارِى نفسَكِ اليومَ، واختارى نفسك غدًا. فإنَّهما خيارانِ؛ لأنَّ كلَّ واحدٍ ثَبَتَ بسببٍ مُفْرَدٍ. ولو خيَّرَها شهرًا، فاخْتارتْ نفسَها، ثم تَزوَّجَها، لم يَكُنْ لها عليه خيارٌ، وعندَ أبى حنيفةَ لها الخيارُ. ولَنا، أنَّها اسْتَوْفَتْ ما جَعلَ لها فى هذا العَقْدِ، فلم يَكُنْ لها فى عقدٍ ثانٍ، كما لو اشْتَرطَ الخِيارَ فى
(٧) فى الأصل: "وقالت".(٨) سقط من: الأصل.