the day the news reaches her. This has been narrated from Said ibn al-Musayyib and Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz. It is also narrated from Ali, al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ata al-Khurasani, and Khilas ibn Amr that her waiting period is from the day the news reaches her; because the waiting period is the abstention from certain things, and she did not abstain from them. Our proof is that if she were pregnant and delivered her child while not knowing of the separation from her husband, her waiting period would have ended; the same applies to all other types of waiting periods. Furthermore, it is a time following death or divorce, so it is incumbent upon her to observe the waiting period, just as if he were present. Additionally, the intention is not a consideration in the waiting period, evidenced by the fact that the waiting period for a minor and a mentally incapacitated woman ends without intention, and nothing is missing here except intention. It makes no difference whether she abstained from what women in their waiting period abstain from or did not abstain from it, for the obligatory mourning (ihdad) is not a condition for the waiting period. If she were to abandon it, whether intentionally or unintentionally, her waiting period would still end. Allah Almighty said: "Let them wait by themselves for three menstrual periods" (5), and He said: "Their waiting period is three months" (6), and He said: "And those who are pregnant, their term is until they deliver their burden" (6). Requiring mourning as a condition would contradict these texts, therefore it must not be a condition.
(3) The word "ma" (what) is missing from the original manuscript. (4) In the original: "ghayr" (other than). (5) Surah al-Baqarah: 228. (6) Surah al-Talaq: 4.
يوم يَأْتِيها الخَبَرُ. ورُوِىَ ذلك عن سعيدِ بن المُسَيَّبِ، وعمرَ بن عبد العزيز. ويُرْوَى عن عليٍّ، والحسنِ، وقَتادةَ، وعَطاءٍ الخُراسانيِّ، وخِلَاسِ بن عمرٍو، أنَّ عِدَّتَها من يوم يأْتِيها الخبرُ؛ لأنَّ العِدَّةَ اجْتِنابُ أشياءَ، وما (٣) اجْتَنَبَتْها. ولَنا، أنَّها لو كانت حاملًا، فوَضَعَتْ حَمْلَها غيرَ عالمةٍ بفُرْقةِ زَوْجِها، لَانْقَضَتْ عِدّتُها، فكذلك سائرُ أنواعِ العِدَدِ، ولأنَّه زمانٌ عَقِيبَ الموتِ أو الطَّلاقِ، فوَجَبَ أن تَعْتَدَّ به، كما لو كان حاضِرًا، ولأنَّ القَصْدَ غيرُ مُعْتَبَرٍ في العِدَّةِ، بدِليلِ أنَّ الصَّغيرةَ والمَجْنونةَ تَنْقَضِى عِدّتُهُما من غيرِ قَصْدٍ، ولم يُعْدَمْ ههُنا إلَّا (٤) القَصْدُ، وسواءٌ في هذا اجْتَنَبَتْ ما تَجْتَنِبُه المُعْتَدَّاتُ، أو لم تَجْتَنِبْه، فإنَّ الإِحْدادَ الواجبَ ليس بشَرْطٍ في العِدَّةِ، فلو تَرَكَتْه قَصْدًا، أو عن غيرِ قَصْدٍ، لَانْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُها، فإنَّ اللهَ تعالى قال: {يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ ثَلَاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ} (٥). وقال: {فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ} (٦). وقال: {وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ} (٦). وفى اشْتِراطِ الإِحْدادِ مُخالَفَةُ هذه النُّصُوصِ، فوَجَبَ أن لا يُشْتَرَطَ.
(٣) سقطت "ما" من الأصل.(٤) في الأصل: "غير".(٥) سورة البقرة ٢٢٨.(٦) سورة الطلاق ٤.