if he had not apostatized. If the wound was accidental, atonement (kaffara) is obligatory in any case, because he has caused the loss of a protected life.

Section: If he wounds him while he is a Muslim, and he then apostatizes, and then he wounds him another wound, and he then accepts Islam and dies from them both, there is no retribution in it; because he died from two wounds, one guaranteed and one not guaranteed, and half the blood money is obligatory therein for that reason. It is the same whether the two wounds are equal or one of them is greater, such as if he cut off his hands while he was a Muslim, and he then apostatizes, and he [the perpetrator] cuts his foot, or the reverse; because the wound in both cases is like the wounding of two legs. Does retribution become obligatory for the limb that was cut during the state of his Islam? There are two possibilities, based upon [the case of] one who cuts his limb while he is a Muslim, then he apostatizes and dies in his state of apostasy. If he cut his limb during his apostasy first, and then he accepts Islam, and then he cuts his other limb, and he dies from both, the ruling therein is like the one preceding it.

Section: A Dhimmi is killed for a Muslim; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) killed the Jew who smashed the head of a girl from the Ansar for ornaments she had, and because if he is killed for his own equivalent, then for someone superior to him it is more appropriate. A Dhimmi is killed for a Dhimmi, whether their religions are the same or different. If a Christian kills a Magian or a Jew, he is killed for it. Ahmad specified this regarding a Christian being killed for a Magian if he kills him. It was said: "How can he be killed for him when their blood monies are different?" He said: "I follow the view that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) killed a man for a woman." He meant that he killed him for her despite the difference in their blood money, and because they are equal in sanctity through the Dhimma and the deficiency of disbelief, so retribution occurs between them, just as if their religion were equal. This is the school of al-Shafi'i.

Section: A Dhimmi is not killed for a Harbi (combatant). We know of no disagreement regarding this; because he is of permissible blood absolutely, resembling a pig. There is no blood money for him for that reason, nor atonement, and no retribution, blood money, or atonement is obligatory for killing an apostate, regardless of whether a Muslim or a Dhimmi kills him. This is the opinion of some of the companions of al-Shafi'i. Some of the