retaliation from the father for killing a major person who has no guardianship (2) over him, nor from the grandfather, as he has no guardianship over him, nor from the father who is of a different religion, or the slave. The grandmother, even if she ascends, is in this regard like the mother, and it is the same whether she is from the paternal side or the maternal side, for the reasons we mentioned regarding the grandfather.

Section: It is the same whether the parent is equal to the child in religion and freedom or differs from him (3) in that, because the negation of retaliation is due to the honor of parenthood, and this is present in all circumstances. If a disbeliever kills his Muslim child (4), or a Muslim kills his disbelieving father, or a slave kills his free child, or a free man kills his slave child (5), retaliation is not mandatory due to the honor of parenthood in the case where one kills his child, and the negation of equality (mukafa'ah) in the case where one kills his parent.

Section: If [two people claim] (6) the lineage of a young child of unknown lineage, then they both kill him before he is joined to either one of them, there is no retaliation upon them, because it is possible that he is the son of either one of them or the son of both. If the physiognomist (al-qafah) joins him to one of them, then they both kill him, the father is not to be killed, but the other is to be killed, because he is a partner to the father in killing his son. If they both retract their claim, their retraction is not accepted, because the lineage is a right of the child, so their retraction from their admission of it is not accepted, just as if they admitted (7) a right to him other than that, or as if one person claimed him, he was joined to him, then he denied it. If one of them retracts, his retraction is valid, and his lineage is established from the other, because his retraction did not (8) invalidate his lineage, and retaliation is dismissed from the one who did not retract, and it is mandatory upon the one who retracted, because he participated with the father. If he is pardoned, he is liable for half of the blood money. If two men share in having intercourse with a woman in one period of purity (tuhr), and she delivers a child that could possibly be from both of them, and they kill him before he is joined to either one of them, no retaliation is