"And by Him in whose hand is my soul, if Fatimah bint Muhammad were to steal (4), I would have cut off her hand." She said: So he cut off her hand. Ahmad said: I do not know of anything that counters this. It is agreed upon (5). Another narration from him (Ahmad) states: No cutting is upon him. This is the opinion of al-Khiraqi, Abu Ishaq ibn Shaqla, Abu al-Khattab, and the rest of the jurists. This is the correct view, Allah willing, due to the saying of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace): "There is no cutting for the one who commits treachery." Furthermore, the mandatory rule is the cutting of the thief, and the denier is not a thief; rather, he is a traitor, so he is akin to one who denies a trust (wadi'ah). The woman who used to borrow goods was only cut off for her theft, not for her denial (6). Do you not see his saying: "If the noble among them stole, they would leave him, and if the weak among them stole, they would cut him." And his saying: "And by Him in whose hand is my soul, if Fatimah bint Muhammad were to steal (4), I would have cut off her hand." In some versions of the narration of this story from 'Aisha, it is mentioned that the Quraysh were distressed by the affair of the Makhzumiyyah woman who stole, and she mentioned the story. Recorded by al-Bukhari. In a hadith (7), it states that she stole a velvet cloak (qatifah). Al-Athram narrated with his chain of transmission from Mas'ud ibn al-Aswad, who said: When that woman stole that velvet cloak from the house of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), we considered it a grave matter; she was a woman of Quraysh. So we came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and said: We will ransom her for forty uqiyah. He said: "Purifying her is better for her." When we heard the softness of the speech of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), we went to Usamah and said: Speak to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) for us. He mentioned the hadith in a manner similar to the account of 'Aisha (8). This makes it clear that the incident is singular and that she stole, and thus was punished by having her hand cut off due to her theft. 'Aisha only identified her by her denial of the borrowed item because she was known for that; it does not necessitate that this was the cause, just as if she had identified her by one of her attributes. In what we have mentioned, there is a synthesis between the hadiths, [and conformity to the apparent meaning of the hadiths] (9) and analogy, as well as the jurists of the major cities; thus it is more appropriate. As for the one who denies a trust (wadi'ah) or other items,
(4) Omitted from: The Original, (B). (5) Its verification has preceded on page 415. (6) In (B) and (M): "by her denial". (7) In (B) there is an addition: "a narration". (8) See what was recorded by Abu Dawud in: The Chapter on the Limit (hadd) for which intercession is made, from the Book of Penalties, Sunan Abi Dawud 2/446. And Ibn Majah in: The Chapter on Intercession in Penalties, from the Book of Penalties, Sunan Ibn Majah 2/851. And Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 5/409, 6/329. (9) Omitted from: (B). Note of consideration.
والَّذِى نَفْسِى بِيَدِه، لَوْ كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ سَرَقَتْ (٤)، لَقَطَعْتُ يَدَها". قالَتْ: فقطعَ يدَها. قال أحمد: لا أعرِفُ شيئًا يدْفَعُه. مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٥). وعنه: لا قَطْعَ عليه. وهو قولُ الْخِرَقِىِّ، وأبى إسْحاقَ بنِ شَاقْلَا، وأبى الخَطَّابِ، وسائرِ الفُقَهَاءِ. وهو الصَّحِيحُ، إنْ شاءَ اللهُ تعالى؛ لقولِ رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "لَا قَطْعَ عَلَى الخَائِنِ". ولأنَّ الواجِبَ قَطْعُ السَّارِقِ، والجاحِدُ غيرُ سارِقٍ، وإنَّما هو خَائِنٌ، فأشْبَهَ جاحِدَ الوَدِيعَةِ، والمرأةُ التي كانتْ تستعيرُ المتاعَ إنَّما قُطِعَتْ لسَرِقَتِها، لا لجَحْدِها (٦)، ألَا ترَى قوله: "إذَا سَرَقَ فِيهِمُ الشَّرِيفُ تَرَكُوهُ، وإذَا سَرَقَ فِيهِمُ الضَّعِيفُ قَطَعُوه". وقوله: "والَّذِى نَفْسِى بِيَدِهِ، لَوْ كَانَتْ فاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ سَرَقَتْ (٤)، لَقَطَعْتُ يَدَهَا". وفى بعضِ ألفاظِ روايةِ هذه القصَّةِ عن عائِشَةَ، أنَّ قريشًا أهمَّهُم شأنُ المَخْزُومِيَّةِ التي سَرَقَتْ، وذَكَرَتِ القِصَّةَ. روَاه البُخَارِىُّ. وفي حديثٍ (٧) أنَّها سَرَقَتْ قَطِيفَةً، فرَوَىَ الأثرمُ، بإسنادِهِ عن مسعودِ بنِ الأَسْوَدِ، قال: لَمَّا سَرَقَتِ المرأةُ تلك القَطِيفَةَ من بيتِ رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، أعْظَمْنَا ذلك، وكانت امرأةً من قُرَيْشٍ، فجِئْنَا إلى رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فقُلْنا: نحن نَفْدِيها بأَرْبَعِينَ أُوقِيَّةً. قال: "تُطَهَّرُ خَيْرٌ لَهَا". فلما سَمِعْنَا لِينَ قَوْلِ رسول اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، أَتَيْنَا أُسامَةَ، فقلْنَا: كَلِّمْ لَنا رسولَ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-. وذكرَ الحديثَ نحْوَ سياقِ عائشةَ (٨). وهذا ظاهِرٌ في أنَّ القِصَّةَ واحِدَةٌ، وأنَّها سَرَقَتْ فقُطِعَتْ بِسَرِقَتِها، وإنَّما عَرَّفَتْها عائِشَةُ بجَحْدِها للعارِيَّةِ؛ لكونِها مَشْهُورَةً بذلك، ولا يَلْزَمُ أن يكونَ ذلك سببًا، كما لو عَرَّفَتْها بصِفَةٍ من صفاتِها، وفيما ذكَرْنا جمعٌ بينَ الأحاديثِ، [ومُوَافقةٌ لظاهِرِ الأحاديثِ] (٩) والقياسِ وفُقَهاءِ الأمصارِ، فيكونُ أوْلَى. فأمَّا جاحِدُ الوَدِيعَةِ وغيرِها
(٤) سقطت من: الأصل، ب.(٥) تقدم تخريجه، في صفحة ٤١٥.(٦) في ب، م: "بجحدها".(٧) في ب زيادة: "رواية".(٨) وانظر ما أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب في الحد يشفع فيه، من كتاب الحدود. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٤٤٦. وابن. ماجه، في: باب الشفاعة في الحدود، من كتاب الحدود. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٨٥١. والإِمام أحمد في: المسند ٥/ ٤٠٩، ٦/ ٣٢٩.(٩) سقط من: ب. نقل نظر.