the mukatab (slave under a contract of manumission) remains a slave as long as a single dirham of his contract remains, both regarding his crime and regarding a crime committed against him, except for Ibrahim al-Nakha'i, for he said regarding the mukatab: His blood money is paid according to what he has paid of his manumission contract as the blood money of a free person, and what remains as the blood money of a slave. Something to this effect was narrated from Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. Abu Dawud recorded in his Sunan and Imam Ahmad in his Musnad (3) that he said: Muhammad ibn Abd Allah told us, saying (4): Hisham ibn Abi Abd Allah related to us, saying: Yahya ibn Abi Kathir related to me, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) decreed regarding a mukatab who is killed that he is compensated with the blood money of a free person for what he has paid of his contract, and with the blood money of a slave for what remains. Al-Khattabi (6) said: When the Hadith is authentic, it is obligatory to act upon it, provided it is not abrogated or opposed by something that is stronger than it.
1475 - Issue; He said: (The blood money for a fetus, if it is miscarried [from a blow] (1) dead, and it was from a free Muslim woman, is a ghurrah (a slave), male or female, whose value is five camels, inherited from it, as if it had been miscarried alive.)
It is said: "ghurratun 'abdun" (a slave as a ghurrah) by describing it, or "ghurratu 'abdin" (a slave's ghurrah) by idafah (genitive construction). The description is better because ghurrah is a name for the slave himself. Muhalhil (2) said:
Every slain one among Kulayb is a ghurrah Until the killing reaches the house of Murrah (3)
In this issue, there are five sections:
(3) Recorded by Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on the Blood Money of the Mukatab, from the Book of Blood Money. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/499, 500. It was also recorded by Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 1/363, 369. It was also recorded by al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter on the Blood Money of the Mukatab, from the Book of Qasamah. Al-Mujtaba 8/41. (4) Omitted from B, M. (5) In the original: "yuwadda" (is paid as blood money). (6) Ma'alim al-Sunan 4/77. (1) Omitted from the original. (2) The rajaz verse is found in: al-Aghani 5/47, Maqayis al-Lughah 4/381, and al-Lisan and al-Taj (root G-R-R). (3) In M: "illa marrah" which is an error.
المُكاتَبَ عَبْدٌ ما بَقِىَ عليه دِرْهَمٌ في جِنايَتِه، والجِنايةِ عليه، إلَّا إبراهيمَ النَّخَعِىَّ، فإنَّه قال في المُكاتَبِ: يُودَى بقَدْرِ ما أدَّى من كِتابَتِه دِيَةَ الحُرِّ، وما بَقِىَ دِيَةَ العَبْدِ. ورُوِىَ في ذلك شيءٌ عن عليٍّ، رَضِىَ اللهُ عنه. وقد رَوَى أبو داودَ، في "سُنَنِه"، والإِمامُ أحمدُ، في "مُسْنَدِه" (٣)، قال: حدَّثنا محمدُ بن عبدِ اللَّه، قال (٤): ثنا هشامُ بن أبي عبدِ اللَّه، قال: حدَّثنى يَحْيَى بن أبي كثيرٍ، عن عِكْرِمةَ، عن ابنِ عباسٍ، قال: قَضَى رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- في المُكاتَبِ يُقْتَلُ، أنَّه يُودَى ما أدَّى (٥) مِن كِتابَتِه دِيَةَ الحُرِّ، وما بَقِىَ دِيَةَ العَبْدِ. قال الخَطَّابىُّ (٦): وإذا صَحَّ الحديثُ، وجَبَ القولُ به، إذا لم يكُنْ مَنْسُوخًا أو مُعارَضًا بما هو أَوْلَى منه.
١٤٧٥ - مسألة؛ قال: (ودِيَةُ الْجَنِينِ إذَا سَقَطَ [مِنَ الضَّرْبَةِ] (١) مَيِّتًا، وكَانَ مِنْ حُرَّةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ، غُرَّةٌ، عَبْدٌ أو أمَةٌ، قِيمَتُهَا خَمْسٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، مَوْرُوثَةٌ عَنْهُ، كَأَنَّهَ سَقَطَ حَيًّا)
يقال: غُرَّةٌ عَبْدٌ بالصِّفَةِ. وغُرَّةُ عَبْدٍ بالإِضافةِ. والصِّفَةُ أحْسَنُ؛ لأنَّ الغُرَّةَ اسمٌ للعَبْدِ نَفْسِه، قال مُهَلْهِلٌ (٢):
كُلُّ قَتِيلٍ في كُلَيْبٍ غُرَّهْ
حَتَّى يَنَالَ القَتْلُ آلَ مُرَّهْ (٣)
في هذه المسألةِ فصولٌ خمسةٌ:
(٣) أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب في دية المكاتب، من كتاب الديات. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٤٩٩، ٥٠٠. وأخرجه الإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ١/ ٣٦٣، ٣٦٩.كما أخرجه النسائي، في: باب دية المكاتب، من كتاب القسامة. المجتبى ٨/ ٤١.(٤) سقط من: ب، م.(٥) في الأصل: "يودى".(٦) معالم السنن ٤/ ٧٧.(١) سقط من: الأصل.(٢) الرجز في: الأغانى ٥/ ٤٧، ومقاييس اللغة ٤/ ٣٨١، واللسان والتاج (غ ر ر).(٣) في م: "إلا مره" خطأ.
