whims" (13). If a woman seeks judgment against her husband regarding divorce, zihar (injurious assimilation), or ila (vow of abstinence), the ruler may choose to judge between them or refrain, according to the word of Allah the Almighty: "So if they come to you, judge between them or turn away from them." If her husband is brought before him, judgment shall be passed against him as it would be against a Muslim in similar circumstances. If he had performed zihar upon her (14), he is forbidden from having intercourse with her until he performs the expiation, and his expiation is by feeding only, because he does not own a Muslim slave, cannot purchase one, and fasting is not valid for him.
Section: It is not permissible to allow him (the Dhimmi) to purchase a Mushaf (copy of the Quran), the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), or books of Fiqh. If he does so, the purchase is void, as this entails (15) debasement of them. Ahmad disliked that they be sold clothes upon which the name of Allah the Almighty is written. Muhanna said: I asked (16) Abu Abd Allah: Do you dislike that a Muslim man teaches a Majusi (Zoroastrian) youth something from the Quran? He said: If he converts to Islam, then yes, otherwise I dislike placing the Quran in an improper place. I said: Should he teach him to pray upon the Prophet (peace be upon him)? He said: Yes. Al-Fadl ibn Ziyad said: I asked Abu Abd Allah about a man who pledges a Mushaf as collateral with the people of the Dhimmah? He said: No, the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade traveling with the Quran to the land of the enemy, for fear that [the enemy might obtain it] (17).
Section: It is not permissible to prioritize them in gatherings, nor to initiate the greeting (salam) to them, based on what Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Do not initiate the greeting to the Jews and Christians, and if you meet any of them on the road, force them to the narrowest part of it." Recorded by al-Tirmidhi (18), who said: It is a hasan sahih hadith. It is also narrated from the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he (19) said: "We are going out tomorrow, so do not initiate the greeting to them, and if they greet you, say: 'And upon you' (wa alaykum)." Recorded by Imam Ahmad (20).
(13) Surah al-Ma'idah, 49. (14) Omitted from the Original, A, and B. (15) In A: "mutadammin" (implying). (16) In M, there is an addition: "Ahmad". (17) In B: "tanalahu aydihim" (that their hands might reach it). The verification of the hadith was previously mentioned in: 10/205. (18) In: The Chapter on What Has Been Said Regarding Greeting the People of the Book, from the Chapters on Expeditions. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 7/103. It was also recorded by Muslim, in: The Chapter on the Prohibition of Initiating the Greeting to the People of the Book... from the Book of Peace. Sahih Muslim 4/1707. And by Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 2/263, 266, 346, 444, 459, 525. (19) Omitted from the Original and A. (20) In: Al-Musnad 6/398.
