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حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 13 · صفحة 266فصل

الترجمة · EN

it is usually used, and it accepts training, so it is like a dog. As for the verse, the jawarih (hunting animals) are the earners. {And He knows what you have earned by day} (51). Meaning what you have acquired. And such-and-such is the jarihah of his family, meaning their provider. {Mukallibīn} comes from taklib, which is incitement.

Section: Is it obligatory to wash the trace of the dog's mouth from the game? There are two opinions regarding this: One of them is that it is not obligatory, because Allah the Almighty and His Messenger commanded to eat it and did not command us to wash it. The second is that it is obligatory, because its impurity has been established, so it is mandatory to wash what it touched, like its urine.

1703 - Issue: He said: (And if he releases the falcon, or what is similar to it, and it hunts and kills, he may eat, even if it has eaten from the game; because its training is by eating.)

Its general meaning is that what is stipulated for hunting with a falcon is the same as what is stipulated for hunting with a dog, except for the restraint from eating; it is not stipulated, and its game is permitted even if it has eaten from it. This is the opinion of Ibn Abbas. This is also the view of al-Nakha'i, Hammad, al-Thawri, Abu Hanifa, and his companions. Al-Shafi'i stated that it is like a dog in prohibiting what it has eaten from its game, because Mujalid narrated from al-Sha'bi, from 'Adi [ibn Hatim], from the Prophet - may Allah bless him and grant him peace -: "If the dog and the falcon have eaten, then do not eat" (3). And because it is a predator that ate from what it hunted immediately after killing it, so it is like predatory animals. Our evidence is the consensus of the Companions. Al-Khallal narrated with his chain from Ibn Abbas, who said: If the dog has eaten, do not eat from the game, and if the falcon has eaten, then eat; because you are able to strike the dog, but you are not able to strike the falcon (5). We have mentioned from four of the Companions the permissibility of what the dog has eaten, and Ibn Abbas disagreed with them in that, but agreed with them regarding the falcon, and no disagreement with them was transmitted from anyone in their era. And because birds of prey are trained by eating, and it is difficult to train them

الحواشي

(51) Surah al-An'am 6. It did not appear in the original, (A), (B): {bi-al-nahar}. (1) In (M) there is an addition: "kana". (2) Omitted from: The original, (A), (B). (3) Narrated by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on Hunting, from the Book of Hunting. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/98. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 4/257. (4) Omitted from: The original, (A). (5) Cited by al-Bayhaqi, in: The Chapter on Trained Falcons if They Eat, from the Book of Hunting and Slaughter. al-Sunan al-Kubra 9/238.

العربية (المصدر)

به عادَةً، ويَقْبَلُ التَّعليمَ، فأشْبَهَ الكَلْبَ. فأمَّا الآيَةُ، فإنَّ الجوارِحَ الكَواسِبُ. {وَيَعْلَمُ مَا جَرَحْتُمْ بِالنَّهَارِ} (٥١). أى كسَبْتُم. وفلانٌ جارِحَةُ أهلِه، أى كاسِبُهم. {مُكَلِّبِينَ} من التَّكْلِيبِ وهو الإِغْراءُ.

فصل: وهل يَجِبُ غسلُ أثَرِ فَمِ الكَلْبِ من الصَّيْدِ؛ فيه وَجْهان؛ أحدُهما، لا يَجِبُ؛ لأنّ اللَّه تعالَى ورسولَه أمَرَا بأكْلِه، ولم يأْمُرَا بغَسْلِه. والثانى، يَجِبُ؛ لأنَّه قد ثَبَتَتْ نَجاسَتُه، فيَجِبُ غَسْلُ ما أصابَه، كبَوْلِه.

١٧٠٣ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإِذَا أرْسَلَ البْازِىَّ، ومَا أشْبَهَهُ، فَصَادَ، وقَتَلَ، أَكَلَ وإِنْ أَكَلَ مِنَ الصَّيْدِ؛ لأَنَّ تَعْلِيمَهُ بأنْ يَأْكُلَ)

وجملَتُه أنَّه يُشْتَرَطُ فى الصَّيْدِ بالبازِىِّ ما يُشْتَرَطُ فى الصَّيْدِ بالكَلْبِ، إِلَّا تَرْكُ الأَكْلِ، فلا يُشْتَرَط، ويُباحُ صَيْدُه وإِنْ أَكَلَ منه. وبهذا قال ابنُ عبّاسٍ. وإليه ذَهَبَ النَّخَعِىُّ، وحَمَّادُ، والثَّوْرِىُّ، وأبو حنيفةَ وأصحابُه. ونَصَّ الشافِعِىُّ على أنَّه كالكَلْبِ فى تَحْريمِ ما (١) أكَلَ منه من صيْدِهِ؛ لأنَّ مُجالِدًا رَوَى عن الشَّعْبِىِّ، عن عَدِى [بن حَاتِمٍ] (٢)، عن النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "فَإِنْ أَكَلَ الكَلْبُ والْبَازِىُّ، فَلَا تَأْكلْ" (٣). ولأنَّه جارِحٌ أكَلَ ممَّا صادَه عَقِيبَ قَتْلِه، فأشْبَهَ سِباعَ الْبهائِمِ. ولَنا، إجْماعُ الصحابَةِ، رَوَى الخَلَّالُ، بإسْنادِه عن ابنِ عبَّاسٍ، قال: إذا أكَلَ الكلْبُ، فلا تأكُلْ من (٤) الصَّيدِ، وإذا أكَلَ الصَّقْرُ، فكُلْ؛ لأنَّكَ تسْتطيعُ أَنْ تَضْربَ الكلْبَ، ولا تسْتطيعُ أَنْ تضرِبَ الصَّقْرَ (٥). وقد ذكرْنا عن أربعةٍ من الصحابَةِ إباحَةَ ما أكَلَ منه الكلبُ، وخالفَهُم ابنُ عباسٍ فيه وَوَافَقَهُم فى الصَّقْرِ، ولم ينقَلْ عن أحدٍ فى عصرِهم خلافُهم، ولأنَّ جوارِحَ الطرِ تُعَلَّمُ بالأَكْلِ، ويتعذّرُ تَعْلِيمُها

الحواشي

(٥١) سورة الأنعام ٦٠. ولم يرد فى الأصل، أ، ب: {بالنهار}.(١) فى م زيادة: "كان".(٢) سقط من: الأصل، أ، ب.(٣) أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى الصيد، من كتاب الصيد. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٩٨. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٢٥٧.(٤) سقط من: الأصل، أ.(٥) أورده البيهقى، فى: باب البزاة المعلمة إذا أكلت، من كتاب الصيد والذبائح. السنن الكبرى ٩/ ٢٣٨.

السابقمجلد 13 · صفحة 266التالي
السابق13·266التالي