'Abd Allah ibn Abi Awfa: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade them entirely because they eat excrement. Agreed upon (7).
Section: Mules are forbidden according to everyone who prohibits domestic donkeys, because they are sired by them, and that which is sired by something takes its ruling regarding prohibition. Likewise, if an offspring is born from between a domestic animal and a wild one, it is forbidden by giving precedence to the prohibition. The sam' (a hybrid canine) produced between a wolf and a hyena is forbidden. Qatadah said: 'The mule is nothing but something from the donkey.' From Jabir, he said: 'We slaughtered horses, mules, and donkeys on the day of Khaybar, then the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade us from mules and donkeys, but he did not forbid us from horses' (8).
Section: The milk of donkeys is forbidden according to the view of the majority of them. 'Ata', Tawus, and al-Zuhri granted permission for it. The first [view] is more correct, because the ruling on milk is the ruling on meat.
1737 - Issue; He said: (And every beast of prey having fangs, which is that which strikes with its fangs and hunts.)
The majority of scholars hold the view that it is forbidden to eat every beast of prey possessing strong fangs with which it attacks and tears apart, except for the hyena. Among them are Malik, al-Shafi'i, Abu Thawr, the scholars of Hadith, and Abu Hanifah and his companions. Al-Sha'bi, Sa'id ibn Jubayr, and some of the companions of Malik said: It is permissible, due to the general nature of the saying of the Exalted: 'Say, I do not find within that which was revealed to me a prohibition for one who would eat it' (1). And His saying
(7) Recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on the Battle of Khaybar, from the Book of Military Expeditions. Sahih al-Bukhari 5/173. And by Muslim, in: The Chapter on the prohibition of eating the meat of domestic donkeys, from the Book of Hunting and Sacrifices. Sahih Muslim 3/1538. It was also recorded by Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on the meat of wild donkeys, from the Book of Sacrifices. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1064, 1065. And by Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 4/381. (8) Recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on the Battle of Khaybar, from the Book of Military Expeditions, and in: The Chapter on the meat of domestic donkeys, from the Book of Sacrifices and Hunting. Sahih al-Bukhari 5/173, 7/123. And by Muslim, in: The Chapter on eating horse meat, from the Book of Hunting and Sacrifices. Sahih Muslim 3/1541. And by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on eating horse meat, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/316. And by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on what has been reported regarding the dislike of every beast with fangs and every bird with talons, from the Chapters on Hunting. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/271. And by Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on the meat of mules, from the Book of Sacrifices. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1066. And by Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 3/356, 385. (1) Surah al-An'am: 145. It does not appear in the original versions (A) and (B): 'for one who would eat it'.
عبدُ اللَّه بنُ أبى أَوْفَى: حَرَّمَها رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- الْبتَّةَ، من أجلِ أنَّها تأكُلُ العَذِرَةَ. متَّفقٌ عليه (٧).
فصل: والبِغالُ حرامٌ عندَ كلِّ مَنْ حَرَّمَ الحُمُرَ الأَهْلِيَّةَ؛ لأنَّها مُتَولِّدَةٌ منها، والمُتَولِّدُ من الشىءِ له حُكْمُه فى التَّحْريمِ. وهكذا إنْ تَوَلَّدَ من بينِ الإِنْسِىِّ والوَحْشِىِّ وَلَدٌ، فهو مُحَرَّمٌ، تَغْليبًا للتَّحْريمِ، والسِّمْعُ المُتَولِّدُ من بينِ الذِّئْبِ والضَّبُعِ، مُحَرَّمٌ. قال قتادَةُ: ما البَغْلُ إلَّا شىءٌ من الحمارِ. وعن جابِرِ قال: ذَبَحْنا يومَ خَيْبَرَ الخيلَ والبِغالَ والحميرَ، فنَهانَا رسولُ اللَّهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- عن البِغالِ والحميرِ، ولم يَنْهَنا عن الخَيْلِ (٨).
فصل: وأَلْبانُ الْحُمُرِ مُحَرَّمَةٌ، فى قولِ أكثرِهم. ورَخَّصَ فيها عَطاءٌ، وطاوسٌ، والزُّهْرِىُّ. والأوَّلُ أصَحُّ؛ لأنَّ حكمَ الأَلْبانِ حُكْمُ اللُّحْمانِ.
١٧٣٧ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَكُلُّ ذِى نَابٍ مِنَ السِّباعِ، وَهِىَ الَّتِى تَضْرِبُ بأنْيَابِهَا الشَّىْءَ وتَفْرِسُ)
أكثرُ أهلِ العلمِ يَرَوْنَ تحريمَ كُلِّ ذى نابٍ قَوِىٍّ من السِّباعِ، يَعْدُو به ويَكْسِرُ، إلَّا الضَّبعَ، منهم مالِكٌ، والشَّافِعِىُّ، وأبو ثَوْرٍ، وأصحابُ الحديثِ، وأبو حَنِيفَةَ وأصحابُه. وقال الشَّعْبِىُّ، وسعيدُ بن جُبَيْرٍ، وبعضُ أصحابِ مالِكٍ: هو مُباحٌ؛ لعُمومِ قولِه تعالى: {قُلْ لَا أَجِدُ فِى مَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ مُحَرَّمًا عَلَى طَاعِمٍ يَطْعَمُهُ} (١). وقولِه
(٧) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب غزوة خيبر، من كتاب المغازى. صحيح البخارى ٥/ ١٧٣. ومسلم، فى: باب تحريم أكل لحم الحمر الإنسية، من كتاب الصيد والذبائح. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٥٣٨.كما أخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب لحوم الحمر الوحشية، من كتاب الذبائح. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١٠٦٤، ١٠٦٥. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٣٨١.(٨) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب غزوة خيبر، من كتاب المغازى، وفى: باب لحوم الحمر الإنسية، من كتاب الذبائح والصيد. صحيح البخارى ٥/ ١٧٣، ٧/ ١٢٣. ومسلم، فى: باب فى أكل لحوم الخيل، من كتاب الصيد والذبائح. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٥٤١. وأبو داود، فى: باب فى أكل لحوم الخيل، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٣١٦. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى كراهية كل ذى ناب وذى مخلب، من أبواب الصيد. عارضة الأحوذى ٦/ ٢٧١. وابن ماجه، فى: باب لحوم البغال، من كتاب الذبائح. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١٠٦٦. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٣/ ٣٥٦، ٣٨٥.(١) سورة الأنعام ١٤٥. ولم يرد فى الأصل، أ، ب: {عَلَى طَاعِمٍ يَطْعَمُهُ}.
