{Lawful to you are the grazing livestock} (10). Among game animals are gazelles and wild asses. The Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) ordered Abu Qatada and his companions to eat the wild ass that he had hunted (11). Likewise, all wild cattle are permissible, of all their various types, such as the wild cow, the ibex (12), the mountain goat, the oryx, and other game animals; all of them are permissible, and compensation (fidya) is due for them in the state of ihram. The ostrich is also permitted, and the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) decreed the penalty of a camel (badana) for hunting an ostrich (13). All of this is unanimously agreed upon; we know of no disagreement regarding it, except what is narrated from Talha ibn Musarrif (14), that the wild ass, if it becomes domesticated and feeds on fodder, is in the same status as the domestic one. Ahmad said: I did not think that anything had been narrated regarding this, and the matter is not, in my view, as he said. The scholars are in opposition to him because gazelles do not become prohibited when they are tamed, and the domestic animal does not become lawful if it turns wild; none of them change from their original state and what they were upon. ‘Ata’ said regarding the wild ass: If it breeds in homes, the names of "wild" are not removed from it. They asked Ahmad: Is the giraffe eaten? He said: Yes. It is a beast that resembles the camel, except that its neck is longer than its neck, its body is more delicate than its body and higher than it, and its forelegs are longer than its hind legs.
Section: The meat of all horses is permissible, both the Arabian and the pack-horses. Ahmad asserted this. Ibn Sirin held this opinion as well. It is also narrated from Ibn al-Zubayr, al-Hasan, ‘Ata’, and al-Aswad ibn Yazid. This is the view of Hammad ibn Zayd, al-Layth, Ibn al-Mubarak, al-Shafi‘i, and Abu Thawr. Sa‘id ibn Jubayr said: I have never eaten anything more delicious (15) than the nape (16) of a pack-horse. Abu Hanifa prohibited it, and Malik, al-Awza‘i, and Abu ‘Ubayd disliked it, due to the saying of Allah Almighty: {And horses, mules, and donkeys, for you to ride} (17). On the authority of Khalid
(10) Surah al-Ma'idah 1. (11) Its verification has preceded in: 5/132 and 13/274. (12) Ibex (al-thaytal): A species of wild cattle, or the male mountain goat. (13) This has preceded in: 5/412. (14) In [M] there is an addition: "He said". (15) Omitted from: [B]. (16) The nape (al-ma‘rifa): The place of the mane on horses. (17) Surah al-Nahl 8.
الْأَنْعَامِ} (١٠). ومن الصُّيُودِ الظِّباءُ، وحُمُرُ الوَحْشِ. وَقَدْ أَمَرَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أبا قَتادَةَ وأَصْحابَه بِأَكْلِ الحمارِ الذى صادَه (١١). كذلك بَقَرُ الوَحْش كُلُّها مُباحَةٌ، على اختلافِ أنواعِها، من الإِبلِ، والثَّيْتَلِ (١٢)، والوَعْلِ، والْمَهَا، وغيرِها من الصُّيودِ، كُلُّها مُباحَةٌ، وتُفْدَى فى الإِحْرامِ. ويُباحُ النَّعامُ، وقد قَضَى الصحابَةُ، رَضِىَ اللَّهُ عنهمْ، فى النَّعامَةِ ببَدَنَةٍ (١٣). وهذا كُلّه مجمعٌ عليه، لا نَعْلَمُ فيه خلافًا، إلَّا ما يُرْوَى عن طَلْحَةَ بن مُصَرِّفٍ (١٤)، أنّ الحمارَ الوَحْشِىَّ اذا أَنسَ واعْتَلَفَ، فهو بمنزلَة الأَهْلِىّ. قال أحمدُ: وما ظَنَنْتُ أنَّه رُوِىَ فى هذا شىءٌ، وليس الأمْرُ عِنْدى كما قال. وأهلُ العِلْمِ على خِلافِه؛ لأنّ الظِّباءَ إذا تأنَّسَتْ لم تَحْرُمْ، والأهْلِىّ إذا تَوَحَّشَ لم يَحِلَّ، ولا يتغيَّرُ منها شىءٌ عن أصْلِه وما كان عليه. قال عَطاءٌ، فى حمارِ الوَحْشِ: إذا تَناسَلَ فى البُيوتِ، لا تَزُولُ عنه أسْماءُ الوَحْشِ. وسَأَلُوا أحمدَ عن الزَّرَافَةِ تُؤْكَلُ؟ قال: نَعَمْ. وهى دابَّةٌ تُشْبِه البعيرَ، إلَّا أَنَّ عُنُقَها أطولُ من عُنُقِه، وجِسْمَها أَلْطَفُ من جِسْمِه، وأعْلَى منه، ويَداهَا أَطْوَلُ من رِجْلَيْها.
فصل: وتُباحُ لُحومُ الخيلِ كُلُّها، عِرَابِها وبَراذِيِنها. نَصَّ عليه أحمدُ. وبه قال ابنُ سِيربنَ. ورُوِىَ ذلك عن ابنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، والحسنِ، وعَطاءٍ، والأسْوَدِ بن يَزِيدَ. وبه قال حَمَّادُ ابن زيدٍ، واللَّيْثُ، وابنُ المُبارَكِ، والشافِعِىُّ، وأبو ثَوْرٍ. قال سعيدُ بنُ جُبَيْر: ما أَكَلْتُ شيئًا أطْيَبَ (١٥) من مَعْرَفَةِ (١٦) بِرْذَوْنٍ. وحَرمَها أبو حنيفةَ. وكَرِهَه مالِكٌ، والأوْزَاعِىُّ، وأبو عُبَيْدٍ، لقولِ اللَّه تعالى: {وَالْخَيْلَ وَالْبِغَالَ وَالْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوهَا} (١٧). وعن خالِدٍ
(١٠) سورة المائدة ١.(١١) تقدم تخريجه، فى: ٥/ ١٣٢، و ١٣/ ٢٧٤.(١٢) الثيتل: جنس من بقر الوحش، أو ذكر الأروى.(١٣) تقدم هذا فى: ٥/ ٤١٢.(١٤) فى م زيادة: "قال".(١٥) سقط من: ب.(١٦) المعرفة: موضع العرف من الخيل.(١٧) سورة النحل ٨.
