ShamelaTranslate
بحث
تسجيل الدخول
ShamelaTranslate

© 2026 ShamelaTranslate. مشروع علمي مفتوح الوصول.

حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 13 · صفحة 350فصل

الترجمة · EN

And transformation does not purify. If it clings to something and it is a small amount, it is pardoned, because it is impossible to avoid it; thus it is akin to the blood of fleas. If it is a large amount, it is not pardoned.

Section: Ahmad was asked about a baker who baked bread and sold some of it, then looked into the water from which he had kneaded it and found a mouse in it. He said: He should not sell the bread to anyone. If he has already sold it, he should retrieve it. If he does not know the owner, he should give its price in charity. He may feed it to animals whose meat is not eaten, but he should not feed it to those that are eaten, unless it is the case that if he feeds it, it is not slaughtered until three days have passed, in the sense of a jallala (an animal that feeds on filth). It was said to him: Did the Prophet (peace be upon him) not say: "Do not benefit from carrion (16)"? He said: This is not in the same status as the dead animal; he was only confused about it. It was said to him: Then is it like the earnings of a cupper, which is fed to the water-carrying beast and the slave? He said: This is more severe in my view; it should not be fed to the slave, but rather he should feed it to the beasts. It was said to him: What (19) is the proof? He said: 'Abd al-Samad narrated to us, from Sakhr, from Nafi', from Ibn 'Umar, that a people baked bread from the wells of those who were transformed, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Feed it to the water-carrying beasts."

Section: Ahmad said: I do not think one should feed his trained dog or trained bird with carrion, because it trains it to eat carrion. If the dog eats it, I do not see that its owner is at fault (20). Perhaps Ahmad disliked the trained dog eating of what it hunts and kills if it is accustomed to eating carrion. Malik did not dislike feeding one's dog or bird with carrion, because it is not for consumption, provided that it does not drink from his vessel.

Section: Ahmad said: I dislike eating clay, and there is no authentic hadith regarding it, except that it harms the body. It is said that it is harmful, and abandoning it is better than eating it. Ahmad only disliked it because of its harmfulness. If it is of the type used for medical treatment, such as Armenian clay, then it is not disliked. If it is of the kind that has neither harm nor benefit, such as a small amount, it is permissible to eat it, because the basic principle is permissibility, and the rationale for disliking what causes harm (21) is absent here, so it is not disliked.

الحواشي

(15) In [B]: "that which". (16) In [B] after this: "with a hide". (17) Its authentication preceded in 1/90, 91. (18) In [A], [B]: "feed". (19) In [B], [M]: "Where". (20) In the copies: "at fault".

العربية (المصدر)

والاسْتِحالَةُ لا تُطَهِّرُ. فإنْ عَلِقَ بشىءٍ، وكان يسيرًا، عُفِىَ عنه؛ لأنَّه لا يُمْكِنُ التَّحَرُّزُ منه، فأشْبَهَ دَمَ الْبَراغِيثِ، وإن كان كثيرًا، لم يُعْفَ عنه.

فصل: سُئِلَ أحمدُ عن خَبَّازٍ خَبَزَ خُبْزًا، فباعَ منه، ثم نظَرَ فى الماءِ الذى عَجَنَ مِنْه، فإذا فيه فَأْرَةٌ؟ فقال: لا يَبِيعُ الخبزَ من أحَدٍ، وإِنْ باعَه اسْتَردَّه، فإنْ لم يَعْرِفْ صاحِبَه، تَصَدَّقَ بثَمَنِه، ويُطْعِمُه من الدَّوابِّ ما لا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُه، ولا يُطْعَمُ لما (١٥) يُؤكَلُ، إلا أَنْ يكونَ إذا أطْعَمَه لم يُذْبَحْ حتى يكونَ له ثلاثةُ أيَّامٍ. على معنى الجَلَّالةِ. قيل له: أليس قال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "لَا تَنْتَفِعُوا مِنَ المَيْتَةِ (١٦) " (١٧)؟ . قال: ليس هذا بمنزلةِ الْمَيِّتِ، إنَّمَا اشْتَبَه عليه. قيل له: فهو بمَنْزلَةِ كَسْبِ الحَجَّام، يُطْعَمُ النَّاضِحَ والرَّقِيقَ؟ قال: هذا أشدُّ عِنْدِى، لا يُطْعَمُ الرَّقِيقَ، لكن يُعْلِفُه (١٨) البهائِمَ. قيل له: أيْش (١٩) الحُجَّةُ؟ قال: حَدَّثَنا عبدُ الصَّمَدِ، عن صَخْرٍ، عن نافِع، عن ابنِ عمرَ، أَنَّ قَوْمًا اخْتَبَزُوا مِن آبار الذين مُسِخُوا، فقال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "أَطْعِمُوهُ النَّوَاضِحَ".

فصل: قال أحمدُ: لا أرى أَنْ يُطْعِمَ كلبَه المعلَّم الْمَيْتةَ، ولا الطَّيرَ المُعلَّمَ؛ لأنَّه يضْرِبُه على الْمَيتَةِ، فإنْ أَكَلَ الكلبُ، فلا أرى صاحِبَه حَرِجًا (٢٠). ولعلَّ أحمدَ كَرِهَ أَنْ يكونَ الكلبُ المُعلَّمُ إذا صادَ وقتلَ أكلَ منه، لِتَضْرِيَتِه بإطعامِه المَيْتَةَ. ولم يكْرَهْ مالِكٌ إطعامَ كلبِه وطيرِه الْمَيتَةَ؛ لأنَّه غيرُ مَأْكولٍ، إذا كان لا يشْرَبُ فى إنائِه.

فصل: قال أحمد: أكرْهُ أكلَ الطِّينِ، ولا يَصِحُّ فيه حَدِيثٌ، إلَّا أنَّه يَضُرُّ بالبَدَنِ، ويُقال: إنَّه رَدِئٌ، وتَرْكُه خَيْرٌ من أكله. وإنَّما كَرِهَه أحمدُ لأجْلِ مَضَرَّتِه. فإنْ كان منه ما يُتَدَاوَى به، كالطينِ الأَرْمَنِىِّ، فلا يُكْرَه، وإِنْ كان ممَّا لا مَضَرَّةَ فيه ولا نَفْعٌ، كالشىءِ

الحواشي

(١٥) فى ب: "ما".(١٦) فى ب بعد هذا: "بإهاب".(١٧) تقدم تخريجه، فى: ١/ ٩٠، ٩١.(١٨) فى أ، ب: "يعلف".(١٩) فى ب، م: "أين".(٢٠) فى النسخ: "خرجا".

السابقمجلد 13 · صفحة 350التالي
السابق13·350التالي