small amount, it is permissible to eat it; because the basic principle is permissibility, and the rationale for which what causes harm (21) is disliked is absent here, so it is not disliked.
Section: It is disliked to eat onion, garlic, leeks, radishes, and everything with a foul odor, because of its odor, regardless of whether one intends to enter the mosque or not; because the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Indeed, the angels are offended by what humans are offended by." Narrated by Ibn Majah (22). If one eats it, he should not approach the mosque, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Whoever eats from these two trees, let him not approach our place of prayer." And in another narration: "Let him not approach us in our mosques." Narrated by al-Tirmidhi (23), who said: A Hasan Sahih hadith. Eating them is not forbidden; because it was narrated from Abu Ayyub that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was sent food that the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not eat from, so he mentioned that to him, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "It contains garlic." He said: O Messenger of Allah, is it forbidden? He said: "No, but I dislike it because of its odor." Al-Tirmidhi (24) said: This is a Hasan Sahih hadith. It is also narrated (25) that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said to 'Ali: "Eat garlic, for were it not that [the angel comes to me] (26), I would have eaten it" (27). Eating them was only prevented so that one would not harm people with its odor, and for this reason, approaching mosques was forbidden. If one comes to the mosques, it is disliked for him, but not forbidden to him; because it was narrated from al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah that he said: I ate garlic and came to the prayer place of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), and I had already missed one rak'ah. When I entered the mosque, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) smelled the odor of garlic. When he finished his prayer, he said: "Whoever has eaten
(21) In [M] there is an addition: "and it is". (22) In: Chapter on eating garlic, onion, and leeks, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1116. It was also recorded by Muslim, in: Chapter on the prohibition for one who has eaten garlic, onion, leeks, or similar, from the Book of Mosques. Sahih Muslim 1/394, 395. And al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter on who is prevented from the mosque?, from the Book of Mosques. Al-Mujtaba 2/34. (23) Its authentication preceded in 2/594. Added to it: And it was recorded by al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what has come regarding the dislike of eating garlic and onion, from the Chapters of Food. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 7/312. (24) In the previous chapter. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 7/312, 313. It was also recorded by Muslim, in: Chapter on the permissibility of eating garlic, ..., from the Book of Drinks. Sahih Muslim 3/1623. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 5/94, 95, 416, 417. (25) In [M]: "It has been narrated". (26) In the original: "the angels come to me". (27) Recorded by Abu Nu'aym, in Al-Hilyah 8/357. Al-Suyuti mentioned in Al-Jami' al-Kabir 1/628 that Abu Bakr recorded it in Al-Ghaylaniyat.
اليسيرِ، جازَ أكلُه؛ لأنَّ الأَصْلَ الإِباحَةُ، والمَعْنَى الذى لأَجْلِه كُرِه ما يضُرُّ (٢١) مُنْتَفٍ ههُنا، فلم يُكْرَه.
فصل: ويُكْرَهُ أَكْلُ البَصَلِ، والثُّومِ والكُرّاثِ، والفُجْلِ، وكُلِّ ذِى رائِحَةٍ كَرِيهَةٍ، من أجلِ رائِحَتِه، سَواءٌ أرادَ دُخولَ المسْجِدِ أو لم يُرِدْ؛ لأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَتَأَذَّى مِمَّا يَتَأَذَّى مِنْهُ النَّاسُ". روَاه ابنُ ماجَه (٢٢). وإِنْ أكَلَه لم يَقْرَبْ من المسجدِ؛ لقولِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْ هاتَيْنِ الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ، فَلَا يَقْرَبَنَّ مُصَلَّانَا". وفى روايةٍ: "فَلَا يَقْربنا فِى مَسَاجِدِنَا". روَاه التِّرْمِذِىُّ (٢٣)، وقال: حديث حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وليس أكلُها مُحَرَّمًا؛ لما رَوَى أبو أَيُّوبَ، أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- بَعَثَ إليه بطعام لم يَأْكُلْ منه النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فذكر ذلك له، وقال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "فِيهِ الثُّومُ". فقال: يا رسولَ اللَّه، أَحَرامٌ هو؟ قال: "لَا، ولكِنَّنِى أَكْرَهُهُ مِنْ أَجْلِ رِيحِهِ". قال التِّرمِذِىُّ (٢٤): هذا حديثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. ورُوِىَ (٢٥) أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال لعلىٍّ: "كُلِ الثُّومَ، فَلوْلَا أَنَّ [المَلَكَ يَأْتِينى] (٢٦) لأَكَلْتُهُ" (٢٧). وإنَّما منعَ أكلها لئلَّا يُؤْذِىَ الناسَ برائِحَتِه، ولذلك نُهىَ عن قُرْبانِ المساجِد، فإنْ أَتَى المساجدَ كُرِهَ له ذلك، ولم يَحْرُمْ عليه؛ لما رَوَى الْمُغِيرةُ بنُ شُعْبَةَ، قال: أكَلْتُ ثُومًا، وأتَيْتُ مُصَلَّى رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، وقد سُبِقْتُ برَكْعَةٍ، فلمَّا دَخَلْتُ المسجدَ، وَجَدَ رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- رِيحَ الثُّومِ، فلما قَضَى صلاتَه، قال: "مَنْ أَكَلَ
(٢١) فى م زيادة: "وهو".(٢٢) فى: باب أكل الثوم والبصل والكراث، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١١١٦.كما أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب نهى من أكل ثوما أو بصلا أو كراثا أو نحوها، من كتاب المساجد. صحيح مسلم ١/ ٣٩٤، ٣٩٥. والنسائى، فى: باب من يمنع من المسجد؟ ، من كتاب المساجد. المجتبى ٢/ ٣٤.(٢٣) تقدم تخريجه، فى: ٢/ ٥٩٤. ويضاف إليه: وأخرجه الترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى كراهية أكل الثوم والبصل، من أبواب الأطعمة. عارضة الأحوذى ٧/ ٣١٢.(٢٤) فى الباب السابق. عارضة الأحوذى ٧/ ٣١٢، ٣١٣.كما أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب إباحة أكل الثوم، . . .، من كتاب الأشربة. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٦٢٣. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٥/ ٩٤، ٩٥، ٤١٦، ٤١٧.(٢٥) فى م: "وقد روى".(٢٦) فى الأصل: "الملائكة تأتينى".(٢٧) أخرجه أبو نعيم، فى الحلية ٨/ ٣٥٧. وذكر السيوطى، فى الجامع الكبير ١/ ٦٢٨، أن أبا بكر أخرجه فى الغيلانيات.
