so he emancipates it for the expiation, it suffices him. And if he intended to fast for a month, or feed thirty poor persons, it would not suffice him, just as if he were to emancipate half a slave for the expiation of an oath, and fed five poor persons or clothed them, it would not suffice him.

Section: If the entire slave is his, and he emancipates a specific part of him, or an undivided share, the entirety of him is emancipated. If he intended by it the expiation, it suffices him; because the emancipation of a part of a slave is an emancipation of all of him. And if he intended to emancipate the part he personally emancipated for the expiation, to the exclusion of the rest, it does not suffice him regarding the emancipation of the other part. And is he credited with what he intended for the expiation? There are two opinions.

Section: If he said: "If I come to own so-and-so, he is free," and we stated that this suspension is valid, then he bought him intending the emancipation for his expiation, he is emancipated, but it does not suffice him for his expiation. There is derived regarding this a disagreement similar to that which is in the case of buying his relative. And God knows best.

1813 - Issue: He said: "And an umm al-walad (a slave mother) does not suffice for the expiation." This is the manifest view of the school (al-madhhab), and it is the view of al-Awza'i, Malik, al-Shafi'i, Abu Ubayd, and the jurists (Ashab al-Ra'y). From Ahmad, there is another narration that she does suffice. This is narrated from al-Hasan, Tawus, al-Nakha'i, and Uthman al-Batti, due to the saying of God the Almighty: "Then the setting free of a neck (slave)" (Surah An-Nisa 92, and Surah Al-Mujadilah 3). The one who emancipates her has set her free. Our argument is that her emancipation is due by another cause, so she does not suffice for it, just as if he bought his relative, or a slave on the condition of emancipation and then emancipated him, and just as if he said to his slave: "You are free if you are brought into the house," then he intended his emancipation for his expiation upon his entry. The verse is particularized by what we have mentioned, and we analogize upon it that which we have differed upon.

Section: The child of the umm al-walad, whom she bore after she had become an umm al-walad, his ruling is the same as her ruling regarding what we have mentioned; because his ruling is like her ruling in emancipation upon the death of her master.