Section: If he says, "By Allah, I will drink the water of this vessel tomorrow," and it spilled today, or "I will eat this bread tomorrow," and it was destroyed, it is similar to what we have mentioned regarding the slave. Salih said: I asked my father about a man who swears to drink this water, and it was poured out? He said: He violates the oath. Likewise, if he swore to eat this loaf of bread, and a dog ate it? He said: He violates the oath; because he is not able to do it.

1838- Issue: He said: (And whoever swears not to speak to him for a "hin" [a period of time], and he speaks to him before six months, he violates the oath).

The totality of that is that if he swears not to speak to him for a "hin", if he qualifies that with his wording or his intention with a time, it is restricted by it. If he makes it absolute, it refers to six months. This is narrated from Ibn Abbas. It is also the view of the scholars of opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). Mujahid, al-Hakam, Hammad, and Malik said: It is a year, based on His saying the Almighty: "It gives its fruit all the time [hin] by the permission of its Lord"—meaning every year. Al-Shafi'i and Abu Thawr said: It has no specific measure, and he fulfills it by the shortest amount of time; because "hin" is an indefinite noun that applies to both a little and a lot. Allah the Almighty said: "And you will surely know its news after a time [hin]." It is said: He meant the Day of Resurrection. He also said: "Has there not passed over man a period of time [hin] from the era?" And said: "So leave them in their confusion until a time [hin]." And said: "At the time [hin] you are in the evening and at the time you are in the morning." It is said: "I came a hin ago," even if he came an hour ago. Our view is that the absolute "hin" in the speech of Allah the Almighty, its minimum is six months. Ikrimah, Sa'id ibn Jubayr, and Abu Ubayd said regarding His saying the Almighty: "It gives its fruit all the time [hin]": It is six months. Thus, the absolute speech of a human is applied to the absolute speech of Allah the Almighty, and because it is the view of Ibn Abbas, and we do not know of any dissenter from among the Companions regarding it. What they used as evidence from the absolute in the speech of Allah the Almighty—what we mentioned is its minimum, so it is applied to it, because it is the certainty.