ShamelaTranslate
بحث
تسجيل الدخول
ShamelaTranslate

© 2026 ShamelaTranslate. مشروع علمي مفتوح الوصول.

حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 13 · صفحة 96فصل

الترجمة · EN

to children at Khaybar (25), and the leaders of the Muslims assigned shares to every child born in the land of war. Al-Juzajani narrated with his chain of transmission from al-Wadin ibn 'Ata, who said: My grandmother told me, saying: I was with Habib ibn Maslama, and he used to assign shares to mothers of children (umm al-walad) because of what was in their wombs. Our evidence is what was narrated from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, who said: Children and slaves were given gifts from the spoils if they were present at the battle during the early period of this Ummah. Al-Juzajani narrated with his chain of transmission that Tamim ibn Fir' al-Mahri (27) was in the army that conquered Alexandria in the final expedition. He said (28): Amr did not distribute to me anything from the fay' (spoils), and he said: A boy who has not reached puberty. This continued until there was almost an uprising between my tribe and people from the Quraysh over that. Some of the people said: You have among you people from the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so ask them. They asked Abu Nadrah al-Ghifari and 'Uqbah ibn Amir, and they both said: Look, if he has reached puberty, then assign a share (30) to him. Some of the people looked at me, and it turned out that I had grown hair, so he assigned a share to me. Al-Juzajani said: This is among the well-known and authentic hadiths of Egypt. This is because he is not among those who are to fight, so a share is not assigned to him, like the slave. Furthermore, it is not established that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) assigned a share to a child; rather, he would not allow them to fight. For Ibn Umar said: I was presented to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while I was fourteen years old (31), and he did not permit me to fight. I was presented to him while I was fifteen, and he permitted me (32). What they mentioned could be that the narrator called the gift (radkh) a share, evidenced by what we have already mentioned.

Section: If only those to whom a share is not assigned were to be involved in the spoils, such as slaves who entered the land of war and obtained spoils, or children, or slaves and children, one-fifth of it is taken, and the rest belongs to them. It is possible that it is divided among them;

الحواشي

(25) See what preceded regarding the hadith of Sahlah. (26) In the Original and A: "kull" (every). (27) In the manuscripts: "Qar' al-Mahdi". The correction is from the marginalia of al-Mushtabih 508. Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam mentioned his story and said: He witnessed the conquest of Alexandria in the second time. Futuh Misr 178. (28) Omitted from: Original, A. (29) In A: "al-nas" (the people). (30) In A: "fa-ashamu" (so they assigned a share). (31) Omitted from: Original, A, B. (32) Its authentication has preceded in: 6/599.

العربية (المصدر)

للصِّبْيانِ بخَيْبَرَ (٢٥)، وأَسْهَمَ أئِمَّةُ المسلمين لكلِّ (٢٦) مولودٍ وُلِدَ فى أرضِ الحَرْبِ. ورَوَى الْجُوزَجانِىُّ، بإسْنادِه عن الوَضِينِ بن عَطاء، قال: حَدَّثَتْنِى جَدَّتِى، قالتْ: كُنْتُ مع حَبِيبِ بن مَسْلمةَ، وكان يُسْهِمُ لأُمَّهاتِ الأولادِ، لما فى بُطونِهِنَّ. ولَنا، ما رُوِى عن سعيد بن المُسَيَّبِ، قال: كان الصِّبْيانُ والعبيدُ يُحْذَوْنَ من الغنيمةِ إذا حَضَرُوا الغَزْوَ، فى صَدْرِ هذه الأُمَّةِ. وروَى الْجُوزَجَانِىُّ، بإسْنادِه، أنَّ تَمِيمَ بن [فِرَعٍ المَهْرِىَّ] (٢٧)، كان فى الجيشِ الذين فتحُوا الإِسْكَنْدريَّةَ، فى المرَّةِ الآخِرَةِ، قال (٢٨): فلم يَقْسِمْ لى عمرُو من الفَىْءِ شيئًا، وقال: غلامٌ لم يَحْتَلِمْ. حتَّى كاد يكونُ بين قومِى وَبيْنَ أُناسٍ من قريشٍ فى ذلك ثائِرةٌ، فقال بعضُ القومِ: فيكم أُناسٌ (٢٩) من أصحابِ رسولِ اللَّه -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، فاسْأَلُوهم. فسأَلُوا أبا نَضْرةَ الغِفارِىَّ، وعُقْبَةَ بن عامرٍ، فقالا: انْظُرُوا، فإنْ كان قد أَشْعَرَ، فاقْسِمُوا (٣٠) له، فنَظَرَ إلىَّ بعضُ القَوْمِ، فإذا أَنَّا قَد أَنْبَتُّ، فقَسَمَ لى. قال الْجُوزَجَانِىُّ: هذا من مَشاهيرِ حديثِ مصرَ وجَيِّدِه. ولأنَّه ليسَ من أهلِ القتالِ، فلم يُسْهَمْ له، كالعَبْدِ، ولم يَثْبُتْ أنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قسَم لصَبِىٍّ، بل كان لا يُجِيزُهم فى القتالِ، فإنَّ ابنَ عمرَ قال: عُرِضْتُ على النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- وأنا ابنُ أربعَ عشرةَ سَنَةً (٣١)، فلم يُجِزْنِى فى القتالِ، وعُرِضْتُ عليه وأنا ابنُ خمسَ عشرةَ، فأجازنِى (٣٢). وما ذكروه يَحْتَمِلُ أنَّ الرَّاوِىَ سَمَّى الرَّضْخَ سَهْمًا، بدليلِ ما ذكرْناه.

فصل: فإن انفرَدَ بالغنيمةِ مَنْ لا يُسْهَمُ له، مثل عَبِيدٍ دخلُوا دارَ الحرْبِ فغَنِمُوا، أو صِبْيانٍ، أو عَبيدٍ وصِبْيانٍ، أُخِذَ خُمْسُه، وما بَقِىَ لهم. ويَحْتَمِلُ أنْ يُقْسَمَ بينهم؛

الحواشي

(٢٥) انظر ما تقدَّم من حديث سهلة.(٢٦) فى الأصل، أ: "كل".(٢٧) في النسخ: "قرع المهدى". والتصويب من حاشية المشتبه ٥٠٨.وذكر ابن عبد الحكم قصته، وقال: إنَّه شهد فتح الإسكندرية فى المرة الثانية. فتوح مصر ١٧٨.(٢٨) سقط من: الأصل، أ.(٢٩) فى أ: "النَّاس".(٣٠) فى أ: "فأسهموا".(٣١) سقط من: الأصل، أ، ب.(٣٢) تقدَّم تخريحه فى: ٦/ ٥٩٩.

السابقمجلد 13 · صفحة 96التالي
السابق13·96التالي