removed, the rule regarding it is as we have mentioned, because one of them cannot do without its partner, so one of them belongs to the one to whom the other belongs, like the upper stone of a handmill, and the key with the lock. The perspective of the literal statement of Ahmad, that the shelves belong to the owner of the house in any case, is that the custom is established to leave the shelves in the house, and it has not been established that the lessee transports them with him, so they belong to the owner of the house, like the one that has an installed form. Furthermore, because if they have installed pegs, the pegs belong to the owner of the house, and likewise that which was installed for them, like the upper stone [of the handmill] when the lower one is installed, and the key of the nailed-down lock.
Section: If a tailor is in someone else's house and they differ over a needle and a pair of scissors, they belong to the tailor, because his exercise of control over them is greater and more manifest, and the appearance is with him, because when a person calls a tailor to sew for him, the custom is that he carries his needle and scissors with him. If they differ over the shirt, it belongs to the owner of the house, since it is not the custom that he carries a shirt with him to sew in someone else's house; rather, the custom is that he sews the shirt of the owner of the house within it. If the owner of the house and a carpenter differ over an adze, a saw, or carpentry tools, they belong to the carpenter. If they differ over sawn wood, doors, or sawn shelves, they belong to the owner of the house. If a cotton-carder and the owner of the house differ over a carding bow, it belongs to the cotton-carder. If they differ over the flock, cotton, or wool, it belongs to the owner of the house. If the owner of the house and a water-carrier differ over a water-skin, it belongs to the water-carrier. If they differ over a large jar or earthenware jugs, they belong to the owner of the house, for the reason we have mentioned.
Section: If two men dispute over an animal, one of them riding it and the other holding its bridle, the rider has a better claim to it because his control over it is stronger, his possession is more established, and he is the one deriving its benefit. If one of them has a load upon it and the other is holding its bridle, it belongs to the owner of the load;
(24) Sakkara al-bab (to lock the door): means to close it. The sukkara (lock) is the fastening of the door. (25) Omitted from: the original, A, B. (26) In B: "al-mansuba" (installed). (27) In the original, B: "yakhit" (he sews). (28) Omitted from: B.
مَقْلُوعٍ، فالحُكْمُ فيه كما ذَكَرْنا؛ لأنَّ أحَدَهما لا يَسْتَغْنِى عن صَاحِبِهِ، فكان أحَدُهما لِمَنْ له الآخَرُ، كالحَجَرِ الفَوْقانِىِّ مِنَ الرَّحَى، والمِفْتاحِ مع السّكَّرَةِ (٢٤). ووَجْهُ ظاهِرِ كلامِ أحمدَ، فى أَنَّ الرُّفوفَ لِصاحِبِ الدَّارِ على كُلِّ حالٍ، أَنَّ العادَةَ جَارَيةٌ بِتَرْكِ الرُّفوفِ فى الدَّارِ، وَلَمْ تَجْرِ بِنَقْلِ المُكْتَرِى لها معه، فكانَتْ لِصاحِبِ الدَّارِ، كالذى له شَكْلٌ مَنْصُوبٌ، ولأنَّها إذا كانَتْ لها أوْتادٌ مَنْصُوبَةٌ، فالأَوْتادُ لِصاحِبِ الدَّارِ، فكذلك ما نُصِبَتْ له، كالحَجَرِ الفَوْقَانِىِّ [مِن الرَّحَى] (٢٥) إذا كان السُّفْلَانِىُّ مَنْصُوبًا، ومِفْتاحِ السّكَّرَةِ المُسَمَّرَةِ (٢٦).
فصل: وإذا كان الخيَّاطُ فى دارِ غيرِه، فاخْتَلَفا فى الإِبْرَةِ والْمِقَصِّ، فهى لِلْخَيَّاطِ؛ لأنَّ تَصَرفه فيهما أكثرُ وأظْهَرُ، والظَّاهِرُ معه؛ لأنَّ الإِنْسانَ إذا دَعَا خَيَّاطًا لِيَخِيطَ (٢٧) له، فالْعادةُ أنَّه يَحْمِلُ معه إِبْرَتَهُ ومِقَصَّهُ. وإنِ اخْتَلَفا فى القَمِيصِ، فهو لِصاحِبِ الدَّارِ؛ إذْ لَيست العادَةُ أَنَّ يَحْمِلَ الْقَمِيصَ معه يَخِيطُه فى دارِ غيرِه، وإِنَّما الْعادَةُ أَنْ يَخِيطَ قَمِيصَ صاحِبِ الدَّارِ فيها. وإنِ اخْتَلَفَ صاحِبُ الدَّارِ والنَّجَّارُ فى القَدُومَ، والْمِنْشَارِ، وآلَةِ النِّجَارَةِ، فهى للنَّجَّارِ. وإنِ اخْتَلَفَا فى الْخَشَبَةِ المَنْجُورَةِ، والأَبْوابِ، والرُّفوفِ المَنْشُورَةِ، فهى لِصاحِبِ الدَّارِ. وإنِ اخْتَلَفَ النَّجَّادُ ورَبُّ الدَّارِ فى قَوْسِ النَّدْفِ، فهو لِلنَّجَّادِ. وِإنِ اخْتَلَفا فى الفَرْيقِ وَالْقُطنِ والصُّوفِ، فهو لِصاحِبِ الدَّارِ. وإن اخْتَلَفَ رَبُّ الدَّارِ وَالسَّقَّا فى الْقِرْبَةِ، فهى لِلسَّقَّا. وَإنِ اخْتَلَفا فى الخَابِيَةِ والْجِرَارِ، فهى لِصاحِبِ الدَّارِ؛ لما ذَكَرْنَا.
فصل: وإذا تنازَعَ رجُلانِ دَابَّةً، أَحدُهما راكِبُها، والآخَرُ آخِذٌ بزِمامِها، فالرَّاكِبُ أوْلَى بها؛ لأنَّ تصَرُّفه فيها أَقْوَى، ويَدَه آكَدُ، وهو الْمُسْتَوْفِى لمَنْفَعتِها. وإِنْ كان لأَحدِهما عليْها (٢٨) حِمْلٌ، والآخَرُ آخِذٌ بزِمامِها، فهى لصاحِبِ الْحِمْلِ؛
(٢٤) سَكَّر الباب: أغلقه. والسكرة: قفل الباب.(٢٥) سقط من: الأصل، أ، ب.(٢٦) فى ب: "المنصوبة".(٢٧) فى الأصل، ب: "يخيط".(٢٨) سقط من: ب.